Fig. 2: Optical resonant modes with and without Berry phase in Möbius- and curved-strip cavities.
From: Experimental observation of Berry phases in optical Möbius-strip microcavities
a,b, SEM images (top) of fabricated Möbius- (a) and curved-strip (b) cavities of the same size. Scale bars, 5 μm. The simulated optical-mode profiles (bottom) indicate that the polarization orientation of the resonant light rotates along the strip structure, generating the Berry phase. The presence/absence of the Berry phase leads to electric-field patterns with odd/even numbers of antinodes (cases with N = 115 and 116 are shown as examples) in the Möbius-/curved-strip microcavities. Insets: magnified images of the electric field at the vertical (V, where the strip is perpendicular to the substrate) and horizontal (H, where the strip is in parallel with the substrate) sites. Black arrows indicate the local polarization, revealing the rotation of the electric-field orientation along the cavities.
