Extended Data Fig. 3: Luminescence decay curves of Cr³⁺ and X³⁺ (X = Er, Tm, Yb, and Nd) in CLNP and calculation of energy transfer efficiency.

a-b, Luminescence decay curves of Na₃CrF₆:Er nanoparticles measured at 776 nm (a) and 1,540 nm (b) with different Er³⁺ doping percentage under 655 nm laser excitation. c, The energy transfer efficiency of Na₃CrF₆:Er nanoparticles from Cr³⁺ to Er³⁺ in different Er³⁺ doping percentage. d-e, Luminescence decay curves of Na₃CrF₆:Tm measured at 1,050 nm (d) and 1,438 nm (e) with different Tm³⁺ doping percentage under 655 nm laser excitation. f, The energy transfer efficiency of Na₃CrF₆:Tm nanoparticles from Cr³⁺ to Tm³⁺ in different Tm³⁺ doping percentage. g-h, Luminescence decay curves of Na₃CrF₆:Yb measured at 776 nm (g) and 1,000 nm (h) with different Yb³⁺ doping percentage under 655 nm laser excitation. i, The energy transfer efficiency of Na₃CrF₆:Yb nanoparticles from Cr³⁺ to Yb³⁺ in different Yb³⁺ doping percentage. j-k, Luminescence decay curves of Na₃CrF₆:Nd measured at 776 nm (j) and 1,056 nm (k) with different Nd³⁺ doping percentage under 655 nm laser excitation. l, The energy transfer efficiency of Na₃CrF₆:Nd nanoparticles from Cr³⁺ to Nd³⁺ in different Nd³⁺ doping percentage. All measurements were performed three times. The data are shown as the mean ± s.d.

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