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Photon avalanche nanoparticles

Parallel photon avalanche in holmium nanoparticles

Holmium-doped nanoparticles exhibit a novel parallel photon avalanching mechanism, offering controlled chromaticity and enabling sub-diffraction, multicolour bio-imaging upon excitation with a single near-infrared laser.

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Fig. 1: Comparison of simplified multi-colour photon avalanche emission mechanisms.

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Correspondence to Artur Bednarkiewicz.

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Bednarkiewicz, A. Parallel photon avalanche in holmium nanoparticles. Nat. Photon. 19, 664–665 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-025-01705-1

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