Extended Data Fig. 4: Individual oscillator under alternative electric field.
From: Control of collective activity to crystallize an oscillator gas
Top row: schematics of the electric field signals with varying modulation frequency ωE. Bottom row: experimental trajectories of individual oscillators under these conditions. Oscillator heights z under a square wave with increasing modulation frequency ωE. The values of ωE (and corresponding colours) correspond to the data on the oscillator collective reported in the Main-text Fig. 4(a). The dotted black line aids visibility. Importantly, the active gas-crystal transition occurs at ω⋆ where the individual dynamics does not change qualitatively: the transition is a true collective phenomenon. EAC = 1 kV mm−1.
