Fig. 5: Lambda budgeting and scaling.

a, 1/Λ35 error budgets for the hexagonal, walking and iSWAP implementations, compared with the standard implementation from ref. 9. The relative percentages of the dominant categories are given. The plot compares experimental data (Exp., solid line) with simulation (Sim., dashed line), with coloured bars indicating the relative percentages of dominant error sources: 2Q, DD, RO, single-qubit gates (1Q), crosstalk (Xtalk), leakage, reset, heating and CP. b, Simulated logical error rate versus distance for hardware tailored to the hexagonal circuit (three couplers per qubit) compared with a standard square grid layout with the same TLS landscape. Open squares (standard code) and hexagons (hex code) are error rates averaged over multiple simulations (circles).