Fig. 1: Overview of microbiome model types and Delphi survey outcomes.

Summary of various microbiome model types alongside the outcomes of the Delphi survey. Model types include in vitro models, in vivo models, human microbiota-associated (HMA) models, and organoid and organ-on-a-chip models. The annotations provide insights into the strengths and limitations of each model type as identified through the Delphi survey. Note that, although in vitro models were intentionally excluded from the survey to focus on in vivo models, they are included in this summary for the sake of comprehensiveness.