Extended Data Fig. 10: Frequency-dependent oscilloscope measurements of the Hall I-V characteristic and skyrmion velocity profile.
From: Dynamic transition and Galilean relativity of current-driven skyrmions
a-e, The isolated \({V}_{{yx}}^{{\rm{THE}}}\) measured for an applied oscillating triangle wave current density J with peak amplitude \({J}_{{\rm{AC}}}^{\max }\) of 1.9 × 109 Am−2, with current sweep rates dJ/dt between 1 × 1012 and 1 × 1014 Am−2s−1. The corresponding frequencies are labelled. The grey lines plot the antisymmetrized voltage signal \({V}_{{yx}}^{{\rm{asym}}}\) before the ordinary Hall effect subtraction. f-j, The calculated skyrmion velocities vSk plotted as a function of J for each dJ/dt. The estimated electron drift velocity ve is plotted as the grey line.
