Extended Data Fig. 2: Stress distribution, imperfection study and sequential buckling for the three regimes of buckling.
From: Harnessing plasticity in sequential metamaterials for ideal shock absorption
a–c, The strain contour at the onset of elastic, plastic and yield buckling with the same geometry and different material models. d–f, The stress distribution along the cross-section of the middle ligament from the buckling moment to a postbuckling moment. g–i, Imperfection sensitivity analysis of the three regimes of buckling. Force (black lines) and lateral deflection (coloured lines) versus displacement u/ℓ. The force is normalized by the buckling load of the unit cell with the smallest imperfection. j–l, Force (top) and lateral deflection (bottom) versus displacement u/(2ℓ). The force is normalized by the initial buckling load of the structure. Inset, the buckling snapshot of the two lumped unit cells of the three regimes of buckling.
