Extended Data Fig. 7: Comparison of different vortex-detection methods applied to the theoretical data.

Each point is obtained by applying the experimental vortex-detection algorithm to the states of Fig. 3 and averaging over time. For the SSP, the scattering length is ramped from as = 93a0 to as = 104a0 in 1 ms and the state is expanded for 3 ms, before applying the algorithm. The results are shown for different sizes of Gaussian filter σ and compared with the standard method of counting the 2π phase windings (black line) and the experimental data, in green (red) for the BEC (SSP). The shaded area indicates the error on the mean.