Extended Data Fig. 10: NINJ1 facilitates full PMR under osmotic stress in Nigericin-induced pyroptosis.
From: NINJ1 regulates plasma membrane fragility under mechanical strain
a, Representative images of NINJ1 KO and parental THP-1 cells subjected to a series of hypotonic (215, 240 and 260 mOsm) and isotonic (310 mOsm) stimulation. Cells were stained with CellBrite (red), DRAQ7 (yellow) and Hoechst (blue). b, Pyroptosis was induced by 20 µg ml−1 nigericin in NINJ1 KO and parental THP-1 cells in hypotonic and isotonic buffers for 2 h. A substantial percentage of cells showed DRAQ7 and Hoechst double staining, indicating large gaps or openings on the plasma membrane, yet most cells still displayed intact ballooned shape without full rupture. Scale bar, 25 µm. c-e, Quantification of LDH release, the percentage of DRAQ7+ cells and the DRAQ7+ bare nuclei in hypotonic and isotonic conditions. n = 3 trials per group. Data were analysed using 2-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni corrections and presented as mean ± s.e.m. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs parental.
