Fig. 2: Effect of phage therapy PsA antibiotic susceptibility and virulence.

a,b, Antibiotic susceptibility results from clinical microbiology laboratory testing for sputum isolates taken before and after therapy from patient 1 (a) and patient 3 (b) are shown (R, resistant; S, susceptible; I, intermediate; X, not reported). c, Production of pyocyanin (µg ml⁻¹) was measured from PsA isolates before therapy (N = 6) and after (N = 10) therapy from patients who received TIVP-H6 phage therapy (**P = 0.0047; Mann–Whitney test). d, Attachment of PsA to CF airway epithelial cells before (N = 6) and after (N = 6) therapy in duplicate from patient 2 (***P = 0.0005; Mann–Whitney test). e, LPS (ng CFU⁻¹) quantification from PsA sputum isolates taken before therapy (N = 14) and after therapy (N = 25) from patients who received phage therapy with LPS-5 (P = 0.6963; Mann–Whitney test). f, Secreted elastase activity (U ml⁻¹) from PsA sputum isolates taken before therapy (N = 8) and after therapy (N = 15) from patients who received phage therapy with LPS-5 (**P = 0.002; Mann–Whitney test). Data presented as mean values ± s.d.