Supplementary Figure 5: Global withdrawal score after morphine withdrawal.

(a) The global withdrawal score of mice treated with saline or morphine. Withdrawal was precipitated in both groups by the administration of the opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (1 mg/kg, s.c.). Somatic signs of withdrawal, including jumping, wet dog shakes, paw tremor, teeth chattering, body tremor, ptosis, piloerection, and sniffing, were recorded for 30 minutes immediately after administration. The global withdrawal score was calculated for each animal by giving a relative weight to each withdrawal sign. n = 15 in each group. ***P < 0.001. Student’s t test. Error bars, s.e.m. All the experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Nanjing Medical University