Fig. 2: Plate design for pseudotyped virus titration (a) and neutralization assay (b).

The gray wells indicate wells in which no samples were added, which are sealed with 250 μl of sterilized water per well to avoid the effect caused by evaporation of the edge-well culture medium. The green wells indicate the cell control (CC) wells, in which only cells with culture medium are added. In the plate in a, the orange wells are used as the initial dilution wells, in which pseudotyped viruses are diluted 10-fold as the first dilution. The blue wells are used as the serial dilution wells. In the plate in b, the orange wells are used as virus control (VC) wells, in which only pseudotyped viruses and cells are added with no samples. Blue wells are assigned as the sample wells, in which duplicates of each sample (S1–S4) are mixed with pseudotyped virus and incubated, followed by the addition of the cells.