Table 2 Mean ratings and standard deviations (SD), and corelations between insomnia, anxiety, depression, mania, psychotic experiences and schizotypal tendencies with ratings of categorisation accuracy and intensity ratings for each emotional expression.

From: Altered emotion perception in insomnia, anxiety, depression, mania, psychotic experiences and schizotypal symptoms: a dataset

 

Mean ± SD

Fear

Anger

Disgust

Happiness

Sadness

Surprise

Neutral

[Intensity Ratings]

Mean ± SD

 

57.85 ± 13.87

60.88 ± 15.19

73.18 ± 13.77

62.16 ± 15.64

49.27 ± 15.03

59.72 ± 14.38

36.56 ± 21.92

Cronbach’s α

 

0.82

0.85

0.86

0.89

0.82

0.84

0.92

Insomnia

10.10 ± 6.40

0.118**

0.079

0.112**

0.027

0.108*

0.057

0.025

Anxiety

7.66 ± 5.98

−0.030

−0.039

0.010

−0.057

−0.061

−0.076

−0.047

Depression

9.91 ± 6.81

0.012

−0.029

0.063

−0.043

−0.010

−0.054

−0.061

Mania

6.53 ± 3.82

−0.026

−0.087*

0.011

−0.052

−0.032

−0.050

−0.054

Psychotic Experiences

5.79 ± 4.09

0.008

−0.070

0.013

−0.057

−0.002

−0.032

−0.037

Prodromal Severity

8.54 ± 8.40

0.031

−0.045

−0.018

−0.078

0.028

−0.053

0.013

Unusual Experiences

4.33 ± 2.90

−0.008

−0.060

−0.001

−0.048

−0.023

−0.030

0.023

Cognitive Disorganisation

6.91 ± 3.05

−0.019

−0.023

0.094*

−0.044

−0.017

−0.047

−0.077

Introvertive Anhedonia

2.97 ± 2.26

−0.050

−0.100*

−0.096*

−0.088*

−0.017

−0.069

−0.030

Impulsive Nonconformity

3.92 ± 2.41

−0.105*

−0.132**

−0.043

−0.145**

−0.115**

−0.106*

−0.083*

[Emotional Valance Ratings]

Mean ± SD

 

37.27 ± 9.70

25.90 ± 12.61

24.81 ± 13.62

66.50 ± 10.86

31.39 ± 10.74

45.96 ± 8.75

45.55 ± 8.45

Cronbach’s α

 

0.81

0.88

0.86

0.84

0.82

0.68

0.78

Insomnia

 

0.013

−0.016

−0.018

−0.025

0.027

0.005

−0.068

Anxiety

 

0.006

−0.008

−0.037

−0.025

0.077

0.036

−0.039

Depression

 

−0.029

−0.031

−0.070

−0.040

0.048

0.048

−0.072

Mania

 

−0.017

−0.033

−0.055

−0.031

−0.018

0.030

−0.094*

Psychotic Experiences

 

0.053

0.065

0.015

−0.045

0.074

0.056

−0.028

Prodromal Severity

 

0.069

0.106*

0.066

−0.110**

0.114**

0.049

−0.004

Unusual Experiences

 

0.066

0.90*

0.086*

−0.077

0.111**

0.080

−0.029

Cognitive Disorganisation

 

−0.050

−0.091*

−0.101*

0.060

−0.039

0.040

−0.070

Introvertive Anhedonia

 

0.022

0.090*

0.089*

−0.140**

0.100*

0.026

−0.018

Impulsive Nonconformity

 

−0.013

0.013

0.003

−0.126**

0.021

0.012

−0.106*

[Categorisation Accuracy]

Mean ± SD

 

2.44 ± 1.52

7.20 ± 1.19

7.05 ± 1.34

7.68 ± 0.86

5.30 ± 1.54

7.36 ± 1.00

6.52 ± 1.49

Cronbach’s α^

 

0.48

0.57

0.62

0.67

0.46

0.49

0.59

Insomnia

 

−0.085*

−0.077

0.014

−0.051

−0.044

0.017

−0.001

Anxiety

 

−0.096*

−0.143**

−0.017

−0.092*

−0.079

−0.011

−0.067

Depression

 

−0.011

−0.151**

0.004

−0.112*

−0.031

−0.042

−0.065

Mania

 

−0.080

0.055

0.075

−0.034

−0.078

0.050

−0.034

Psychotic Experiences

 

−0.088

−0.123**

0.059

−0.086*

−0.035

−0.013

−0.019

Prodromal Severity

 

−0.103*

−0.220

−0.085*

−0.155**

−0.069

−0.059*

−0.075

Unusual Experiences

 

−0.104*

−0.138**

0.049

−0.081

−0.059

0.021

0.000

Cognitive Disorganisation

 

0.016

0.10

0.049

−0.019

−0.020

0.034

−0.009

Introvertive Anhedonia

 

0.16

−0.083*

−0.107**

−0.139**

−0.043

−0.067

−0.047

Impulsive Nonconformity

 

−0.57

−0.093*

0.011

−0.072

−0.092*

−0.048

−0.064

  1. Note: Insomnia, ISI: Insomnia Severity Index; Anxiety, GAD7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale; Depression, PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire; Mania: MDQ, Mood Disorder Questionnaire; Psychotic Experiences: Prodromal-16; Unusual Experiences, Cognitive Disorganisation, Introvertive Anhedonia, Impulsive Nonconformity: SF-OLIFE, Short-Form Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences Questionnaire.
  2. ^After recoding into correct = 1, incorrect = 0.
  3. *Sig at P < 0.05; **Sig at P < 0.01.