Table 5 Correlations of HRV indices with memory tests and brain atrophy in the aMCI group.

	Mean (s)	Δ LFn (n.u)			Δ LF/HF			HF standing (ms²)
	Mean (s)	r	P	Q	r	P	Q	r	P	Q
Prose delayed recall (Z-score)	− 2.32 (1.36)	0.298	0.009	0.025	0.296	0.009	0.025	0.052	0.653	0.712
ROCF-delayed recall (Z-score)	− 1.64 (0.61)	0.185	0.109	0.187	0.121	0.297	0.396	0.136	0.241	0.362
Mean HA score^†	2.4 (1.0)	− 0.331	0.003	0.017	− 0.331	0.003	0.017	0.027	0.816	0.816
Mean IA score^‡	2.3 (0.6)	− 0.358	0.011	0.025	− 0.326	0.021	0.042	− 0.071	0.625	0.712

Spearman's correlation analysis adjusted for hypertension, physical activity and trait anxiety. Correlations with memory scores also demographically-adjusted. Cognitive Z-scores and visual rating scale scores expressed as mean (standard deviation).
HRV, heart rate variability; aMCI, amnestic mild cognitive impairment; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; LFn, low frequency power (normalised); n.u, normalised units; LF/HF, ratio of low frequency power (LF) to high frequency power (HF); Δ HRV index, standing HRV index—baseline HRV index; ROCF, Rey-Osterrieth complex figure; HA, hippocampal atrophy; IA, insular atrophy.
s, standard deviation; r, Spearman's correlation coefficient; P, adjusted P-value; Q, adjusted P-value corrected for multiple testing with the Benjamini–Hochberg procedure with a 5% False Discovery Rate (FDR).
†On CT.
^‡On MRI.

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