Table 3 Mediating effect of Palivizumab on RSV and lower respiratory tract infections in preterm infants.

From: Prevalence of infectious diseases in preterm infants: a 2-year follow-up from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

 

Birth

Crude

Multivariate Model 2a

Multivariate Model 3b

OR [95% CI]

p

OR [95% CI]

p

OR [95% CI]

p

1 year of age

Lower respiratory tract infection

Preterm

1.25 [1.08–1.44]

0.0031

1.22 [1.05–1.41]

0.0105

1.11 [0.92–1.32]

0.2731

Full-term

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

RS virus infection

Preterm

0.99 [0.87–1.12]

0.8321

0.97 [0.85–1.11]

0.6552

1.11 [0.96–1.30]

0.1626

Full-term

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

2 years of age

Lower respiratory tract infection

Preterm

1.27 [1.11–1.46]

0.0006

1.27 [1.11–1.47]

0.0007

1.10 [0.93–1.30]

0.2859

Full-term

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

RS virus infection

Preterm

1.16 [1.02–1.33]

0.0255

1.16 [1.01–1.33]

0.0346

1.16 [0.99–1.37]

0.0607

Full-term

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 
  1. Boldface indicates significance.
  2. aAdjusted for maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, parity, history of maternal allergy, history of any physical disease, marital status, employed, highest education level, annual household income, alcohol intake, smoking history, physical activity, feeding methods, and attending a childcare facility.
  3. bAdjusted for all the covariates in Model 2 and having received Palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody against the RSV.
  4. n = 62,731.
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