Table 1 Participants' characteristics among tertiles of MALAT1 and TUG1 transcript levels and CSI in obese and overweight women (n = 346).

From: The interaction between MALAT1 and TUG1 with dietary fatty acid quality indices on visceral adiposity index and body adiposity index

Variables

MALAT1 tertiles

p-value

P-value*

TUG1 tertiles

p-value

P-value*

T1

T2

T3

T1

T2

T3

 < 0.035

0.036–0.309

 > 0.310

 < 0.053

0.053–0.264

 > 0.265

N = 115

N = 116

N = 115

N = 117

N = 118

N = 118

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Age (year)

35.657 ± 9.178

37.078 ± 9.383

36.751 ± 8.936

0.472

0.355

35.926 ± 9.528

36.589 ± 8.576

37.313 ± 9.077

0.505

0.283

PA (MET)

985.352 ± 1223.620

828.232 ± 969.264

1153.323 ± 1096.564

0.120

0.121

847.426 ± 914.507

965.345 ± 1159.972

1067.898 ± 1102.361

0.452

0.366

Weight (kg)

80.281 ± 14.171

82.394 ± 11.543

80.312 ± 13.144

0.367

0.852

79.725 ± 13.244

82.328 ± 12.709

81.324 ± 12.585

0.295

0.536

Height (cm)

161.450 ± 5.704

161.478 ± 5.602

161.256 ± 5.886

0.950

0.994

161.425 ± 5.656

161.474 ± 5.873

160.800 ± 5.994

0.615

0.514

BMI (kg/m2)

31.054 ± 4.115

31.803 ± 4.240

30.844 ± 4.261

0.192

0.437

30.951 ± 4.017

31.667 ± 4.364

31.423 ± 4.337

0.423

0.602

WC (cm)

99.531 ± 10.081

100.845 ± 9.726

98.501 ± 10.878

0.223

0.786

98.901 ± 9.812

100.901 ± 10.890

99.397 ± 9.734

0.294

0.189

WHR

0.938 ± 0.052

1.722 ± 8.398

0.929 ± 0.0548

0.367

0.556

0.933 ± 0.055

1.703 ± 8.290

0.933 ± 0.047

0.368

0.263

FM(kg)

33.527 ± 7.903

35.547 ± 8.453

33.441 ± 8.201

0.091

0.394

33.597 ± 8.268

35.135 ± 8.589

33.637 ± 7.756

0.264

0.251

FFM(kg)

46.447 ± 6.167

46.527 ± 5.847

46.180 ± 6.578

0.907

0.688

46.439 ± 5.470

46.778 ± 6.351

46.379 ± 5.771

0.854

0.727

BF%

41.864 ± 5.103

53.553 ± 116.558

41.960 ± 5.263

0.325

0.790

41.988 ± 5.445

53.060 ± 115.089

42.291 ± 5.151

0.356

0.982

FMI

13.203 ± 3.210

13.765 ± 3.381

13.226 ± 3.380

0.352

0.482

13.205 ± 3.298

13.649 ± 3.398

13.540 ± 3.413

0.581

0.956

FFMI

17.919 ± 1.477

17.903 ± 1.538

18.896 ± 12.343

0.494

0.526

17.809 ± 1.518

17.914 ± 1.556

17.935 ± 1.556

0.802

0.764

Obesity degree%

143.582 ± 22.022

145.512 ± 23.751

143.628 ± 20.337

0.753

0.663

144.298 ± 19.340

145.117 ± 23.914

144.962 ± 22.999

0.957

0.474

Biochemical parameters

 FBG (mg/l)

86.341 ± 7.239

87.606 ± 12.084

87.000 ± 7.896

0.710

0.788

86.355 ± 7.853

86.432 ± 7.084

87.759 ± 12.005

0.590

0.743

 Insulin

1.248 ± 0.236

1.201 ± 0.260

1.217 ± 0.213

0.491

0.273

1.202 ± 0.215

1.247 ± 0.225

1.229 ± 0.252

0.559

0.501

 HOMA index

3.293 ± 1.112

3.254 ± 1.351

3.371 ± 1.409

0.869

0.589

3.204 ± 1.219

3.320 ± 1.289

3.393 ± 1.330

0.698

0.940

 TG (mg/l)

124.189 ± 65.902

112.651 ± 64.318

123.214 ± 74.767

0.548

0.483

116.033 ± 65.437

122.648 ± 58.155

122.084 ± 68.823

0.813

0.701

 T-Chol (mg/l)

180.515 ± 20.442

180.515 ± 29.383

192.942 ± 35.350

0.056

0.049

183.186 ± 39.279

181.918 ± 37.374

189.445 ± 32.179

0.379

0.661

 LDL-c (mg/L)

95.227 ± 26.227

91.515 ± 20.442

97.685 ± 24.166

0.318

0.333

91.152 ± 23.565

94.013 ± 25.065

99.024 ± 24.455

0.150

0.308

 HDL-c (mg/L)

46.278 ± 10.626

45.924 ± 9.853

47.557 ± 12.347

0.655

0.927

45.661 ± 10.040

46.121 ± 10.991

10.126 ± 1.111

0.703

0.874

 CHOL.HDL

3.947 ± 0.885

4.116 ± 1.136

4.430 ± 2.198

0.158

0.110

4.284 ± 2.265

4.057 ± 1.026

4.183 ± 1.192

0.698

0.723

Categorical variables

 

N (%)

    

N (%)

  

Education status

0.438

0.172

   

0.294

0.570

 Illiterate

2 (50)

1 (25)

1 (25)

  

1 (25)

1 (25)

2 (50)

  

 Preschool

4 (44.4)

2 (22.2)

3 (33.3)

  

2 (18.2)

2 (18.2)

7 (63.6)

  

 Intermediate

4 (18.2)

7 (31.8)

11 (50)

  

6 (25)

12 (50)

6 (25)

  

 High school

1 (14.3)

4 (57.1)

2 (28.6)

  

2 (25)

1 (12.5)

5 (62.5)

  

 Diploma

31 (29.5)

36 (34.3)

38 (36.2)

  

37 (33.3)

40 (36)

34 (30.6)

  

 Upper diploma

6 (23.1)

12 (46.2)

8 (30.8)

  

9 (37.5)

4 (16.7)

11 (45.8)

  

 Bachelor and higher

65 (39.4)

53 (32.1)

47 (28.5)

  

57 (34.8)

56 (34.1)

51 (31.1)

  

Income (Rial)

0.394

0.520

   

0.36

0.279

 < 5,000,000

1 (20)

1(20)

3(60)

  

0 (0)

5 (100)

0 (0)

  

 5,000,000 to 10,000,000

3 (25)

4 (33.3)

5 (41.7)

  

3 (27.3)

3 (27.3)

5 (45.5)

  

 10,000,000 to 15,000,000

32 (36)

36 (40.4)

21 (23.6)

  

31 (34.4)

25 (27.8)

34 (37.8)

  

 > 15,000,000

59 (34.7)

53 (31.2)

58 (34.1)

  

64 (36.2)

62 (35)

51 (28.8)

  

Smoking

0.193

0.084

   

0.517

0.322

 Yes

5 (20.8)

12 (50)

7 (29.2)

  

9 (40.9)

5(22.7)

8 (36.4)

  

 No

105 (34.8)

99 (32.8)

98 (32.5)

       

Variables

CSI tertiles

p-value

P-value*

   

T1

T2

T3

   

 < 9.91

9.92–14.57

 > 14.60

   

N = 126

N = 126

N = 126

   

Mean ± SD

 

Age (year)

37.664 ± 8.680

37.349 ± 9.229

34.817 ± 9.199

0.024

0.451

     

PA (MET)

839.327 ± 1027.524

1092.786 ± 1205.068

1048.355 ± 1046.475

0.181

0.374

     

Weight (kg)

79.792 ± 10.581

80.127 ± 11.204

81.953 ± 12.106

0.265

0.888

     

Height (cm)

160.686 ± 5.868

161.277 ± 5.865

161.643 ± 5.635

0.417

0.968

     

BMI (kg/m2)

30.956 ± 3.705

30.762 ± 3.777

31.330 ± 4.075

0.495

0.564

     

WC (cm)

98.626 ± 9.093

98.733 ± 9.528

100.199 ± 10.096

0.348

0.857

     

WHR

0.932 ± .050

0.934 ± .054

0.939 ± .054

0.555

0.796

     

FM(kg)

33.881 ± 7.792

33.591 ± 7.606

35.326 ± 8.557

0.184

0.602

     

FFM(kg)

46.062 ± 5.349

46.483 ± 5.483

46.537 ± 5.779

0.758

0.585

     

BF%

42.034 ± 5.278

41.608 ± 4.950

42.489 ± 5.808

0.427

0.657

     

FMI

13.258 ± 3.122

12.968 ± 2.940

13.552 ± 3.256

0.331

0.290

     

FFMI

17.820 ± 1.481

18.885 ± 11.709

17.774 ± 1.541

0.351

0.331

     

Obesity degree%

144.168 ± 17.937

141.408 ± 21.089

145.675 ± 19.228

0.212

0.100

     

Biochemical parameters

     

 FBG (mg/l)

87.988 ± 10.607

87.146 ± 9.705

86.419 ± 8.235

0.621

0.992

     

 Insulin

1.196 ± 0.237

1.221 ± 0.218

1.226 ± 0.231

0.684

0.580

     

 HOMA index

3.422 ± 1.403

3.170 ± 1.171

3.483 ± 1.271

0.269

0.422

     

 TG (mg/l)

123.690 ± 81.127

124.067 ± 70.696

113.435 ± 49.645

0.602

0.701

     

 T-Chol (mg/l)

184.750 ± 31.244

184.225 ± 39.719

181.565 ± 36.173

0.857

0.661

     

 LDL-c (mg/L)

95.083 ± 23.117

92.843 ± 25.158

95.161 ± 23.154

0.779

0.308

     

 HDL-c (mg/L)

47.405 ± 10.411

46.427 ± 12.131

46.097 ± 8.423

0.732

0.874

     

 CHOL.HDL

4.077 ± 1.185

4.277 ± 2.017

4.024 ± 0.937

0.536

0.515

     

Categorical variables

     
 

N (%)

         

Education status

0.166

0.007

     

 Illiterate

3 (75)

1 (25)

0 (0)

       

 Preschool

6 (46.2)

4 (30.8)

3 (23.1)

       

 Intermediate

13 (52)

6 (24)

6 (24)

       

 High school

4 (50)

1 (12.5)

3 (37.5)

       

 Diploma

36 (30.8)

45 (38.5)

36 (30.8)

       

 Upper diploma

12 (44.4)

9 (33.3)

6 (22.2)

       

 Bachelor and higher

51 (28)

59 (32.4)

72 (39.6)

       

Income (Rial)

0.058

0.069

     

 < 5,000,000

2 (33.3)

4 (66.7)

0 (0)

       

 5,000,000 to 10,000,000

8 (57.1)

2 (14.3)

4 (28.6)

       

 10,000,000 to 15,000,000

41(38)

37 (34.3)

30 (27.8)

       

 > 15,000,000

59 (31.4)

55 (29.3)

74 (39.4)

       

Smoking

0.002

0.009

     

 Yes

5 (19.2)

4 (15.4)

17(65.4)

       

 No

119 (34)

122 (34.9)

109 (31.1)

       
  1. Significant and marginally significant values are in [bold].
  2. BMI, Body mass index, FM: Fat mass; FFM, fat-free mass; BF%, body fat%; FFMI, fat-free mass index; FMI, fat mass index; BAI, body composition index; VAI, visceral adiposity index; TG, triglyceride; T-Chol, total cholesterol, FBG, fasting blood glucose; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance; WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist to hip ratio, HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; CHOL.HDL, total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio; PA, physical activity; MET, metabolic equivalents; TUG1, taurine up-regulated 1, MALAT1, metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1; CSI, cholesterol-saturated fat index; N, number.
  3. P-values resulted from a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and were reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD).
  4. P-values* resulted from the analysis of the covariance (ANCOVA) test. Variables adjust for age (year), BMI (kg/m2), energy intake (kcal), and physical activity (MET). BMI is considered the collinear variable for anthropometric and body composition variables.
  5. A chi-square test for categorical variables has been done. Categorical variables are present by N (%).
  6. P-value < 0.05 was considered significant and p-values 0.05 and 0.10 were considered as marginally significant.
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