Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participating adolescents in KYRBS, 2009–2022 (n = 917,461).
From: National prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Korean adolescents from 2009 to 2022
Characteristics | Total | Pre-pandemic (2009–2019) | Pandemic (2020–2022) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | 2009–2022 | 2009–2011 | 2012–2013 | 2014–2015 | 2016–2017 | 2018–2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
Overall, n | 917,461 | 223,947 | 146,621 | 140,103 | 127,804 | 117,343 | 54,948 | 54,848 | 51,847 |
Grade, n (%) | |||||||||
7th–9th grade (middle school) | 468,443 (51.06) | 114,453 (51.11) | 73,827 (50.35) | 70,455 (50.29) | 63,104 (49.38) | 59,613 (50.80) | 28,961 (52.71) | 30,015 (54.72) | 28,015 (54.03) |
10th–12th grade (high school) | 449,018 (48.94) | 109,494 (48.89) | 72,794 (49.65) | 69,648 (49.71) | 64,700 (50.62) | 57,730 (49.20) | 25,987 (47.29) | 24,833 (45.28) | 23,832 (45.97) |
Sex, n (%) | |||||||||
Male | 471,306 (51.37) | 115,876 (51.74) | 74,876 (51.07) | 71,674 (51.16) | 65,427 (51.19) | 60,304 (51.39) | 28,353 (51.60) | 28,401 (51.78) | 26,395 (50.91) |
Female | 446,155 (48.63) | 108,071 (48.26) | 71,745 (48.93) | 68,429 (48.84) | 62,377 (48.81) | 57,039 (48.61) | 26,595 (48.40) | 26,447 (48.22) | 25,452 (49.09) |
Region of residence, n (%) | |||||||||
Rural | 502,419 (54.76) | 115,403 (51.53) | 80,513 (54.91) | 78,072 (55.72) | 71,129 (55.65) | 65,354 (55.69) | 31,327 (57.01) | 30,986 (56.49) | 29,635 (57.16) |
Urban | 415,042 (45.24) | 108,544 (48.47) | 66,108 (45.09) | 62,031 (44.28) | 56,675 (44.35) | 51,989 (44.31) | 23,621 (42.99) | 23,862 (43.51) | 22,212 (42.84) |
BMI group, n (%)a | |||||||||
Underweight | 214,927 (23.43) | 58,085 (25.94) | 36,181 (24.68) | 33,365 (23.81) | 27,705 (21.68) | 24,725 (21.07) | 11,342 (20.64) | 11,563 (21.08) | 11,961 (23.07) |
Normal | 465,651 (50.75) | 118,022 (52.70) | 77,389 (52.78) | 72,825 (51.98) | 64,673 (50.60) | 57,972 (49.40) | 25,798 (46.95) | 25,189 (45.93) | 23,783 (45.87) |
Overweight | 103,463 (11.28) | 22,332 (9.97) | 15,544 (10.60) | 15,698 (11.20) | 15,232 (11.92) | 14,211 (12.11) | 7279 (13.25) | 6926 (12.63) | 6241 (12.04) |
Obese | 106,900 (11.65) | 18,243 (8.15) | 13,469 (9.19) | 14,139 (10.09) | 16,523 (12.93) | 17,176 (14.64) | 9115 (16.59) | 9767 (17.81) | 8468 (16.33) |
Unknown | 26,520 (2.89) | 7265 (3.24) | 4038 (2.75) | 4076 (2.91) | 3671 (2.87) | 3259 (2.78) | 1414 (2.57) | 1403 (2.56) | 1394 (2.69) |
School performance, n (%) | |||||||||
Low (0–19 percentile) | 102,336 (11.15) | 28,013 (12.51) | 19,054 (13.00) | 15,278 (10.90) | 12,711 (9.95) | 11,401 (9.72) | 5533 (10.07) | 5413 (9.87) | 4933 (9.51) |
Lower-middle (20–39 percentile) | 218,304 (23.79) | 57,177 (25.53) | 37,048 (25.27) | 33,298 (23.77) | 28,894 (22.61) | 25,819 (22.00) | 12,684 (23.08) | 12,004 (21.89) | 11,380 (21.95) |
Middle (40–59 percentile) | 259,529 (28.29) | 60,245 (26.90) | 40,002 (27.28) | 39,114 (27.92) | 36,436 (28.51) | 34,760 (29.62) | 16,585 (30.18) | 16,903 (30.82) | 15,484 (29.86) |
Upper-middle (60–79 percentile) | 225,194 (24.55) | 53,428 (23.86) | 34,655 (23.64) | 34,949 (24.95) | 32,546 (25.47) | 29,647 (25.27) | 13,410 (24.40) | 13,444 (24.51) | 13,115 (25.30) |
High (80–100 percentile) | 112,098 (12.22) | 25,084 (11.20) | 15,862 (10.82) | 17,464 (12.47) | 17,217 (13.47) | 15,716 (13.39) | 6736 (12.26) | 7084 (12.92) | 6935 (13.38) |
Parent’s highest educational level, n (%) | |||||||||
Middle school graduated or under | 173,256 (18.88) | 26,039 (11.63) | 18,643 (12.72) | 20,398 (14.56) | 19,169 (15.00) | 34,497 (29.40) | 18,784 (34.19) | 19,347 (35.27) | 16,379 (31.59) |
High school graduated | 17,879 (1.95) | 8713 (3.89) | 3557 (2.43) | 2,201 (1.57) | 1451 (1.14) | 931 (0.79) | 368 (0.67) | 318 (0.58) | 340 (0.66) |
University graduated or higher | 253,762 (27.66) | 85,045 (37.98) | 50,637 (34.54) | 40,313 (28.77) | 32,677 (25.57) | 21,345 (18.19) | 8795 (16.01) | 7853 (14.32) | 7,097 (13.69) |
Unknown | 472,564 (51.51) | 104,150 (46.51) | 73,784 (50.32) | 77,191 (55.10) | 74,507 (58.30) | 60,570 (51.62) | 27,001 (49.14) | 27,330 (49.83) | 28,031 (54.06) |
Household income, n (%) | |||||||||
Middle lower or lower | 165,287 (18.02) | 54,730 (24.44) | 32,214 (21.97) | 24,626 (17.58) | 19,120 (14.96) | 15,366 (13.09) | 7212 (13.13) | 6203 (11.31) | 5816 (11.22) |
Middle | 434,364 (47.34) | 105,464 (47.09) | 69,378 (47.32) | 67,002 (47.82) | 59,638 (46.66) | 55,265 (47.10) | 26,397 (48.04) | 27,077 (49.37) | 24,143 (46.57) |
Middle higher or higher | 317,810 (34.64) | 63,753 (28.47) | 45,029 (30.71) | 48,475 (34.60) | 49,046 (38.38) | 46,712 (39.81) | 21,339 (38.83) | 21,568 (39.32) | 21,888 (42.22) |
Alcohol consumption, n (%) | |||||||||
Non-drinker | 765,939 (83.48) | 176,814 (78.95) | 120,332 (82.07) | 117,470 (83.85) | 108,778 (85.11) | 99,276 (84.60) | 49,056 (89.28) | 49,045 (89.42) | 45,168 (87.12) |
1–2 day | 87,842 (9.57) | 26,530 (11.85) | 15,117 (10.31) | 13,220 (9.44) | 11,395 (8.92) | 10,387 (8.85) | 3495 (6.36) | 3532 (6.44) | 4166 (8.04) |
3–5 day | 28,517 (3.11) | 8461 (3.78) | 5139 (3.51) | 4410 (3.15) | 3741 (2.93) | 3571 (3.04) | 1059 (1.93) | 1010 (1.84) | 1126 (2.17) |
6–9 day | 16,184 (1.76) | 5427 (2.42) | 2807 (1.91) | 2332 (1.66) | 1792 (1.40) | 1914 (1.63) | 637 (1.16) | 589 (1.07) | 686 (1.32) |
≥ 10 day | 18,979 (2.07) | 6715 (3.00) | 3226 (2.20) | 2671 (1.91) | 2098 (1.64) | 2195 (1.87) | 701 (1.28) | 672 (1.23) | 701 (1.35) |
Smoking status, n (%) | |||||||||
Non-smoker | 749,053 (81.64) | 163,808 (73.15) | 112,728 (76.88) | 114,508 (81.73) | 110,143 (86.18) | 101,727 (86.69) | 49,318 (89.75) | 49,519 (90.28) | 47,302 (91.23) |
Smoker | 168,408 (18.36) | 60,139 (26.85) | 33,893 (23.12) | 25,595 (18.27) | 17,661 (13.82) | 15,616 (13.31) | 5630 (10.25) | 5329 (9.72) | 4545 (8.77) |
Stress status, n (%)b | |||||||||
None | 28,795 (3.14) | 5043 (2.25) | 4129 (2.82) | 5108 (3.65) | 4906 (3.84) | 4302 (3.67) | 2018 (3.67) | 1792 (3.27) | 1497 (2.89) |
Mild | 139,224 (15.17) | 30,329 (13.54) | 20,691 (14.11) | 23,503 (16.78) | 21,001 (16.43) | 17,910 (15.26) | 9889 (18.00) | 8585 (15.65) | 7316 (14.11) |
Moderate | 384,391 (41.90) | 91,742 (40.97) | 60,243 (41.09) | 60,830 (43.42) | 54,292 (42.48) | 48,041 (40.94) | 24,379 (44.37) | 23,226 (42.35) | 21,638 (41.73) |
High | 262,510 (28.61) | 68,284 (30.49) | 44,238 (30.17) | 37,647 (26.87) | 34,584 (27.06) | 33,391 (28.46) | 14,059 (25.59) | 15,254 (27.81) | 15,053 (29.03) |
Severe | 102,541 (11.18) | 28,549 (12.75) | 17,320 (11.81) | 13,015 (9.29) | 13,021 (10.19) | 13,699 (11.67) | 4603 (8.38) | 5991 (10.92) | 6343 (12.23) |
Sadness and despair, n (%) | |||||||||
No | 648,540 (70.69) | 143,140 (63.92) | 101,446 (69.19) | 105,035 (74.97) | 95,657 (74.85) | 85,107 (72.53) | 41,108 (74.81) | 40,156 (73.21) | 36,891 (71.15) |
Yes | 268,921 (29.31) | 80,807 (36.08) | 45,175 (30.81) | 35,068 (25.03) | 32,147 (25.15) | 32,236 (27.47) | 13,840 (25.19) | 14,692 (26.79) | 14,956 (28.85) |
Suicidal thoughts, n (%) | |||||||||
No | 779,924 (85.01) | 180,603 (80.65) | 120,916 (82.47) | 122,803 (87.65) | 112,375 (87.93) | 101,869 (86.81) | 48,969 (89.12) | 47,892 (87.32) | 44,497 (85.82) |
Yes | 137,537 (14.99) | 43,344 (19.35) | 25,705 (17.53) | 17,300 (12.35) | 15,429 (12.07) | 15,474 (13.19) | 5979 (10.88) | 6956 (12.68) | 7350 (14.18) |
Suicidal attempts, n (%) | |||||||||
No | 886,696 (96.65) | 213,514 (95.34) | 140,582 (95.88) | 136,337 (97.31) | 124,640 (97.52) | 113,739 (96.93) | 53,827 (97.96) | 53,603 (97.73) | 50,454 (97.31) |
Yes | 30,765 (3.35) | 10,433 (4.66) | 6039 (4.12) | 3766 (2.69) | 3164 (2.48) | 3604 (3.07) | 1121 (2.04) | 1245 (2.27) | 1393 (2.69) |
