Table 4 Results of the endogeneity analysis.

From: The association between family doctor contract services and the health of middle-aged and older people in China: an instrumental variables analysis

Variables

HR-QoL

Subjective well-being

Cognitive function

Model (2)

Model (3)

Model (2)

Model (3)

Model (2)

Model (3)

FDCS

 

33.714***

 

1.106**

 

4.133**

Instrumental variable

0.047***

 

0.047***

 

0.053***

 

Control variables

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

Area fixed effects

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

Constant term

0.034

70.157***

0.041***

2.564***

 − 0.055

7.807***

N

17,649

17,649

17,892

17,892

9,441

9,441

Endogeneity test

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 

Weak instrumental variable test

48.253

 

49.243

 

28.342

 

R-squared

0.094

 

0.092

 

0.109

 
  1. (1) Instrumental variable refers to ‘the combination of medical and healthcare’.
  2. (2) *, **, and *** represent statistical significance at the 10, 5, and 1% levels, respectively.
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