Table 5 Comprehensive comparison of capacitance changes with 1 cm electrode spacing capacitance increase represented as DS (pF).

From: Research on dynamic urine volume detection system based on smart flexible textile sensors

Each time droplet volume

1 mL

2 mL

3 mL

1st Droplet DS

1.3651

0.6700

4.2002

2nd Droplet DS

2.5909

1.3561

0.8166

3rd Droplet DS

0.8813

3.3295

0.4180

4th Droplet DS

1.2327

1.3203

1.3586

5th Droplet DS

1.6406

1.9044

1.1034

6th Droplet DS

1.6000

2.3656

0.8119

7th Droplet DS

1.8925

1.8417

1.3869

8th Droplet DS

1.4871

2.0555

1.1124

9th Droplet DS

1.5575

2.2104

1.8894

10th Droplet DS

2.5310

1.5722

1.4510

Average 1 mL capacitance increase (pF)

1.6779

1.8625

1.4548

Capacitance increase standard deviation (pF)

0.5095

0.6799

0.9938