Fig. 2
From: Serial engagement of distinct motor learning mechanisms to alter walking after stroke
Step length difference results. Group mean time series for step length difference during over ground walking in the (A) Reinforcement with pre-adaptation condition (purple), (B) Reinforcement Alone condition (magenta), (C) Adaptation Alone condition (green). Time series data are smoothed by a running average of 3 steps; shaded areas around each line represent SE; gold bars indicate the point within the experiment where subjects walked on the treadmill; horizontal dashed line is the group’s average over ground baseline step length difference for that session; BL = over ground baseline; SLD = step length difference; symmetry = step length difference of 0. D) Group average change in step length difference during early training (first 15 pairs of steps of training), late training (last 15 pairs of steps of training), early retention (first 15 pairs of steps of retention) and late retention (last 15 pairs of steps of retention) epochs. Data shown are means ± SE. Asterisks highlight epochs in which step length difference was significantly different (improved) compared with that condition’s over ground baseline step length difference. E) Time series of treadmill walking portions of the experiment for all conditions. Data are smoothed with a running average of 3 steps; shaded areas around each line represent SE; BLTread = treadmill baseline; Walking = treadmill walking; dashed lines indicate the mean over ground baseline step length difference for each condition (Purple = Reinforcement with pre-adaptation; Magenta = Reinforcement Alone; Green = Adaptation Alone).
