Table 2 Incidence rates of Parkinson’s disease in patients with SCI.

From: Risk of Parkinson’s disease in spinal cord injury: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea

 

N

Events

Person-years

Incidence Rate (per 1,000 PY)a

Adjusted Hazed Ratio (95% CI)

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Comparison between SCI and control groups

Control

24,844

121

125,030

0.97

1.00 (ref.)

1.00 (ref.)

1.00 (ref.)

SCI

7,182

44

32,659

1.35

1.40 (0.99–1.98)

1.51 (1.07–2.14)

1.57 (1.11–2.22)

Comparison between SCI with disability, SCI without disability, and control groups

Control

24,844

121

125,030

0.97

1.00 (ref.)

1.00 (ref.)

1.00 (ref.)

SCI without disability

5,734

31

25,922

1.20

1.25 (0.84–1.85)

1.37 (0.92–2.04)

1.45 (0.97–2.16)

SCI with disability

1,448

13

6,736

1.93

2.02 (1.14, 3.57)

2.00 (1.13–3.55)

1.96 (1.10–3.48)

Comparison between SCI and control groups by degree of disability

Control

24,844

121

125,030

0.97

1.00 (ref.)

1.00 (ref.)

1.00 (ref.)

SCI without disability

5,734

31

25,922

1.20

1.25 (0.84–1.85)

1.37 (0.92–2.04)

1.45 (0.97–2.16)

SCI with mild disability (Grade 4–6)

891

9

4,139

2.17

2.27 (1.15–4.46)

2.10 (1.07–4.14)

2.07 (1.05–4.08)

SCI with severe disability (Grade 1–3)

557

4

2597

1.54

1.61 (0.60–4.36)

1.81 (0.67–4.91)

1.75 (0.65–4.76)

Comparison between SCI and control groups by level of SCI

Control

24,844

121

125,030

0.97

1.00 (ref.)

1.00 (ref.)

1.00 (ref.)

SCI without disability

       

Cervical level

4,468

25

19,539

1.28

1.34 (0.87–2.05)

1.45 (0.94–2.23)

1.55 (1.00–2.39)

Thoracic level

292

1

1,201

0.83

0.87 (0.12–6.22)

0.74 (0.10–5.28)

0.72 (0.10–5.15)

Lumbar level

974

5

5,183

0.96

1.00 (0.41–2.44)

1.26 (0.51–3.10)

1.30 (0.53–3.20)

SCI with disability

       

Cervical level

1,061

7

4,900

1.43

1.49 (0.70–3.20)

1.50 (0.70–3.22)

1.52 (0.71–3.26)

Thoracic level

186

3

769

3.99

4.20 (1.33–13.20)

3.71 (1.17–11.72)

3.30 (1.04–10.48)

Lumbar level

201

3

1,067

2.81

2.87 (0.91–9.02)

2.96 (0.94–9.33)

2.70 (0.85–8.51)

  1. Model 1 was unadjusted.
  2. Model 2 was adjusted for age and sex.
  3. Model 3 was adjusted for age, sex, residential area, income, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, smoking, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, and body mass index.
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