Fig. 1
From: Microvascular abnormalities in skin capillaries of individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Capillaroscopic findings in healthy controls and ALS patients. (A) and (B): Characteristics of normal capillaroscopy of the nail bed without micro-hemorrhages, ramified capillaries, dilated capillaries, or tortuosities. We can identify a thin arterial afferent branch and a thicker venous efferent branch with a fork or U-shaped morphology without tortuosities. (C): Tortuosities with a dilated capillary. This image corresponds to a 47-year-old man with severe involvement of both upper and lower motor neurons, and rapid progression. (D): Micro-hemorrhages. This image corresponds to the same patients as image (C). (E): Tortuosity. This image corresponds to 70-year-old women with a spinal phenotype and slow progression. (F): ‘Ball of wool’ capillary resulting from severe damage of capillary structure; This image corresponds to 73-year-old women with spinal ALS with predominant involvement of upper motor neurons. (G) and (H): Ramified capillaries from a patient bearing an expansion of C9orf72.
