Fig. 2

iMSCs have an immunomodulatory effect on T lymphocytes and macrophage polarization. (A) Percentage of CD3⁺ T cell suppressed in PBMCs*/MSCs co-cultures (n = 8) under cell-to-cell contact (direct) or in a transwell system (indirect) with hUCMSCs (left panel) or iMSCs (right panel). PBMCs were stimulated with beads (PBMNC*) in presence of hUCMSCs or iMSCs (PBMNC*+hUCMSC or iMSC). After 5 days cells were collected and stained with an anti-CD3 antibody. (B) Concentration of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα in supernatants (n = 6) of stimulated PBMCs (PBMNC*) alone or in indirect co-culture with hUCMSCs (blue bar) or iMSCs (orange bar). After 5 days in co-culture, supernatants were collected and analysed by ELISA. (C) Expression of the M1 marker CD80 (n = 3) and M2 markers CD206 (n = 6) and CD163 (n = 6) in monocytes (CD14⁺) co-cultured with hUCMSCs (blue bar) or iMSCs (orange bar) under an inflammation condition (CD14⁻*). CD14⁺ cells were purified, seeded in the upper chamber of transwell inserts and exposed to activated CD14⁻ cells (CD14⁻*) in co-culture with MSCs (CD14⁺+CD14⁻*/hUCMSC or iMSC) for 5 days. CD14⁺+CD14⁻* co-cultures were used as a reference sample. (D) Concentration of the cytokines TNFα and IL-10 in supernatants (n = 6) of CD14⁺/CD14⁻* and CD14⁺/CD14⁻*+MSC (hUCMSCs or iMSCs). After 5 days in co-culture, supernatants were collected and analysed by ELISA. All data are presented as mean. **: p < 0.01, ****: p < 0.0001 by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett´s test.