Fig. 3

The surgical procedures used for the induction of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. After laparotomy and approaching the left kidney (a), the renal pedicle (yellow arrow) was isolated (b) and clamped using a non-traumatic vascular bulldog (green arrow, c). Renal ischemia was maintained for 45 min by reinsertion of the clamped pedicle into its original situation (d) and covering the incisional line (e). Notice the careful subcapsular injection (blue arrow) before reperfusion in the congested kidney (f). A right nephrectomy was performed via double ligation of its pedicle and cutting in between (g and h). (blue K: left kidney, yellow RK: right kidney).