Fig. 4 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 4

From: In vitro strategy to enhance the production of bioactive polyphenols and caffeoylputrescine in the hairy roots of Physalis peruviana L.

Fig. 4

Elicitor effects on the HR parameters of P. peruviana HR. (A–D) Impact of MeJA, SA, and SNP at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 400 µM on the (A) biomass, (B) total phenolic content (TPC), (C) caffeoylputrescine (CP) content, and (D) CP yield in 20-day-old P. peruviana HRs after an 8-day exposure. (E–H) Impact of the same elicitors at a fixed concentration of 100 µM on the biomass (E), TPC (F), CP (G), and CP yield (H) under different exposure durations (2, 4, 6, and 8 days). (I–L) Morphological effects of various elicitors on P. peruviana HRs: (I) non-treated control roots, (J) MeJA (100 µM) treated, (K) SA (100 µM) treated, and (L) SNP (100 µM) treated. CK denotes the untreated control group. The presented values are the mean ± standard error of three replicates. Bars = 1 cm.

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