Fig. 4
From: Changes in the intestinal microbiota of Japanese children during the first 3.5 years of life

Cluster analysis of gut microbiota composition of participants. (a) The distribution of fecal samples across four clusters identified using the Dirichlet-multinomial mixtures (DMM) model at each age and the mothers’ gestational period. The bubble size represents the number of fecal samples in each cluster. (b) Boxplot depicting the alpha diversity (Shannon index) of different clusters. The y-axis represents the Shannon index. The asterisks denote statistically significant differences determined by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, where p < 0.001. (c) Heatmap showing the relative abundance of the top 20 genera in the gut microbiota across the four DMM clusters. Mo_E: mothers during the early trimester, Mo_L: mothers during the late trimester, 1M: 1-month-old child, 4M: 4-months-old child, 10M: 10-months-old child, 18M: 18-months-old child, 42M: 3.5-year-old child.