Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the participants.

From: Urinary presepsin is a novel biomarker capable of directly assessing monocyte/macrophage infiltration in kidney diseases

 

Overall

AAV

DMN

FSGS

IgAN

LN

MCNS

MN

NSC

TIN

Normal

(n = 463)

(n = 38)

(n = 26)

(n = 23)

(n = 106)

(n = 12)

(n = 53)

(n = 41)

(n = 10)

(n = 29)

(n = 10)

Age, years

58 (43–72)

75 (70–79)

62 (53–74)

47 (42–52)

43 (31–52)

57 (37–74)

53 (35–72)

70 (60–74)

69 (62–75)

68 (60–73)

 

Female sex, n (%)

200 (43%)

22 (58%)

5 (19%)

9 (39%)

52 (49%)

8 (67%)

19 (36%)

11 (27%)

4 (40%)

14 (48%)

 

Hypertension, n (%)

258 (56%)

27 (71%)

22 (85%)

13 (56%)

42 (40%)

5 (42%)

18 (34%)

28 (68%)

10 (100%)

13 (45%)

 

Diabetes, n (%)

91 (20%)

10 (26%)

25 (96%)

3 (13%)

8 (8%)

1 (8%)

5 (9%)

8 (20%)

2 (20%)

7 (24%)

 

Albumin, g/dl

3.4 (2.3–4.0)

2.7 (2.3–3.1)

2.9 (2.1–3.4)

3.7 (2.7–4.2)

4.0 (3.5–4.2)

3.1 (2.5–3.3)

1.5 (1.3–1.9)

2.4 (1.9–3.2)

3.8 (3.5–4.2)

3.6 (2.8–4.1)

 

Creatinine, mg/dl

1.10 (0.79–1.82)

2.54 (1.88–3.85)

1.62 (0.99–2.76)

1.01 (0.76–1.25)

0.92 (0.74–1.16)

1.09 (0.48–1.47)

0.87 (0.72–1.22)

0.93 (0.80–1.07)

1.74 (1.27–2.14)

4.30 (1.84–5.71)

 

C-reactive protein, mg/dl

0.13 (0.03–0.51)

3.70 (0.92–11.54)

0.12 (0.04–0.31)

0.07 (0.03–0.41)

0.08 (0.03–0.19)

0.21 (0.07–0.85)

0.06 (0.03–0.24)

0.11 (0.04–0.23)

0.14 (0.09–0.41)

1.87 (0.41–3.62)

 

White blood cells,

/μl

6900 (5600–8370)

9200 (7400–13,700)

7800 (6825–9625)

6300 (5200–7450)

7000 (5975–8050)

5400 (3300–5825)

6810 (5790–8370)

6410 (5600–8000)

6400 (5675–6950)

6755 (5575–8250)

 

Hemoglobin, g/dl

12.8 (10.8–14.4)

9.4 (8.8–9.9)

11.0 (10.0–12.3)

14.0 (12.6–15.2)

13.6 (12.2–14.7)

10.3 (9.2–11.4)

15.4 (14.0–16.5)

14.1 (12.5–14.9)

10.3 (9.4–11.5)

10.7 (9.2–12.1)

 

Urine protein, g/24 h or g/g creatinineª

1.85 (0.81–5.49)

1.53 (1.08–3.29)

7.16 (3.81–12.19)

3.07 (0.86–5.19)

1.04 (0.63–2.21)

2.02 (1.05–4.72)

8.63 (5.60–11.31)

6.00 (4.30–10.05)

0.40 (0.28–1.35)

0.85 (0.39–1.19)

 

Interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration

Minimal, n (%)

171 (37%)

0 (0%)

3 (12%)

8 (35%)

45 (43%)

7 (58%)

36 (68%)

21 (51%)

2 (20%)

0 (0%)

 

Mild, n (%)

165 (36%)

10 (26%)

10 (39%)

11 (48%)

45 (43%)

3 (25%)

17 (32%)

19 (46%)

1 (10%)

3 (10%)

 

Moderate, n (%)

76 (16%)

15 (40%)

5 (19%)

4 (17%)

14 (13%)

2 (17%)

0 (0%)

1 (2%)

5 (50%)

6 (21%)

 

Severe, n (%)

51 (11%)

13 (34%)

8 (31%)

0 (0%)

2 (2%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

2 (20%)

20 (69%)

 

Urinary presepsin/creatinine, ng/g creatinine

1024

(432–2584)

2612

(1301–4903)

1972

(760–3727)

681

(367–995)

495

(210–928)

1355

(811–3406)

1042

(534–2412)

1058

(583–2084)

1660

(636–2425)

5004

(2059–8141)

417

(193–578)

  1. AAV, ANCA-associated vasculitis; DMN, diabetic nephropathy; FSGS, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; IgAN, IgA nephropathy; IN, interstitial nephritis; LN, lupus nephritis; MCNS, minimal change nephrotic syndrome; MN, membranous nephropathy; NSC, nephrosclerosis; TIN, tubulointerstitial nephritis. ªIf data are available, 24-h urine protein measurements were selected; otherwise, the urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio was utilized. Data are expressed as n (%) or median (interquartile range).
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