Table 3 Multivariate regression results for the five patient-reported asthma symptoms (n = 505).
Cough intensity | Airway secretion intensity | Chest tightness intensity | Dyspnea intensity | Wheezing intensity | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimate (95% CI) | P-value | Estimate (95% CI) | P-value | Estimate (95% CI) | P-value | Estimate (95% CI) | P-value | Estimate (95% CI) | P-value | |
Age (years) | 0.004 (− 0.002; 0.011) | 0.2250 | 0.0020 (− 0.005; 0.01) | 0.6168 | − 0.01364*** (− 0.02144; − 0.005828) | 0.0007 | − 0.001761 (− 0.008906; 0.005383) | 0.6283 | − 0.01076** (− 0.0181; − 0.0034) | 0.0042 |
Gender (Male) | − 0.2329* (− 0.42; − 0.04) | 0.0149 | 0.1633 (− 0.057; 0.38) | 0.1468 | − 0.2465* (− 0.4617;− 0.03139) | 0.0248 | − 0.3430*** (− 0.5399; − 0.1461) | 0.0007 | 0.1203 (− 0.08203; 0.3226) | 0.2433 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.007038 (− 0.01; 0.02) | 0.4278 | − 0.0009 (− 0.02; 0.01) | 0.9338 | 0.01025 (− 0.009770; 0.03026) | 0.3150 | 0.02311* (0.004796; 0.04143) | 0.0135 | 0.02427* (0.0054; 0.043) | 0.0116 |
Smoking status | − 0.4439** (− 0.71; − 0.17) | 0.0013 | − 0.3767* (− 0.69; − 0.05) | 0.0202 | 0.006330 (− 0.3031; 0.3158) | 0.9680 | 0.02477 (− 0.2584; 0.3080) | 0.8636 | − 0.2650 (− 0.5560; 0.02607) | 0.0743 |
− 0.3201** (− 0.56; − 0.07) | 0.0098 | − 0.2423 (− 0.5280; 0.04348 | 0.0964 | − 0.1400 (− 0.4185; 0.1385) | 0.3237 | − 0.03248 (− 0.2873; 0.2224) | 0.8023 | − 0.4164** (− 0.6783; − 0.1545) | 0.0019 | |
Ex-smokers | − 0.4439** (− 0.71; − 0.17) | 0.0013 | − 0.3767* (− 0.69; − 0.05) | 0.0202 | 0.006330 (− 0.3031; 0.3158) | 0.9680 | 0.02477 (− 0.2584; 0.3080) | 0.8636 | − 0.2650 (− 0.5560; 0.02607) | 0.0743 |
No smokers | − 0.3201** (− 0.56; − 0.07) | 0.0098 | − 0.2423 (− 0.5280; 0.04348 | 0.0964 | − 0.1400 (− 0.4185; 0.1385) | 0.3237 | − 0.03248 (− 0.2873; 0.2224) | 0.8023 | − 0.4164** (− 0.6783; − 0.1545) | 0.0019 |
FeNO (ppb) | − 0.003437* (− 0.006; − 0.0005) | 0.0221 | − 0.002470 (− 0.005936;0.0009960) | 0.1621 | − 1.264e5 (− 0.003390; 0.003365) | 0.9941 | − 0.002223 (− 0.005313; 0.0008683) | 0.1583 | 0.001592 (− 0.001585; 0.004768) | 0.3253 |
FEV1 pre (%) | − 0.007188* (− 0.013; − 0.0005) | 0.0337 | − 0.003302 (− 0.01112; 0.004514) | 0.4069 | − 0.01289*** (− 0.02050; − 0.005270) | 0.0010 | − 0.02086**** (− 0.02783; − 0.01389) | < 0.0001 | − 0.01908**** ( − 0.0262; − 0.0119) | < 0.0001 |
FEV1/FVC pre % | 0.008646 (− 0.005; 0.022) | 0.2214 | 0.004668 (− 0.01169; 0.02102) | 0.5751 | 0.01117 (− 0.004763; 0.02711) | 0.1690 | 0.02154** (0.006959; 0.03613) | 0.0039 | 0.01517* ( 0.0001; 0.0301) | 0.0473 |
Sputum neutrophils (%) | 0.002941 (− 0.001; 0.007) | 0.1836 | 0.0009930 (− 0.004123; 0.006109) | 0.7031 | − 2.841e5 (− 0.005014; 0.004957) | 0.9911 | − 0.001062 (− 0.005625; 0.003500) | 0.6475 | − 0.003504 (− 0.0081; 0.0011) | 0.1427 |
Sputum eosinophils (%) | 0.008295* (0.0001; 0.016) | 0.0469 | 0.005766 (− 0.003876; 0.01541) | 0.2406 | − 0.001944 (− 0.01134; 0.007452) | 0.6845 | − 0.003377 (− 0.01198; 0.005222) | 0.4407 | 0.001513 (− 0.0073; 0.010) | 0.7367 |
Blood neutrophils (µL) | 0.03824 (− 0.007; 0.083) | 0.0978 | 0.03301 (− 0.02040; 0.08641) | 0.2252 | 0.01628 (− 0.03576; 0.06832) | 0.5390 | 0.03858 (− 0.009042; 0.08621) | 0.1121 | 0.02843 (− 0.0205; 0.0773) | 0.2542 |
Blood eosinophils (µL) | 0.3031* (0.033; 0.57) | 0.0276 | 0.1888 (− 0.1290; 0.5066) | 0.2436 | − 0.1410 (− 0.4506; 0.1687) | 0.3715 | 0.1365 (− 0.1469; 0.4199) | 0.3444 | − 0.01594 (− 0.3072; 0.2753) | 0.9144 |
Fibrinogen (g/L) | 0.01782 (− 0.12; 0.15) | 0.8051 | 0.02231(− 0.1449; 0.1895) | 0.7933 | 0.01805 (− 0.1449; 0.1810) | 0.8278 | 0.01899 (− 0.1301; 0.1681) | 0.8025 | 0.04449 (− 0.1087; 0.1977) | 0.5686 |
CRP (mg/L) | − 0.005146 (− 0.02; 0.009) | 0.5024 | 0.009259 (− 0.008501; 0.02702) | 0.3061 | 0.004638 (− 0.01267; 0.02194) | 0.5987 | 0.002622 (− 0.01322; 0.01846) | 0.7451 | 0.005134 (− 0.011; 0.021) | 0.5357 |
Total IgE (KU/L) | − 5.963e−5 (− 0.001; 1.531e−5) | 0.1186 | 5.960e6 (− 8.238e− 5; 9.430e− 5) | 0.8946 | − 3.143e5 (− 0.0001175; 5.465e−5) | 0.4735 | − 3.619e5 (− 0.0001150;4.258e−5) | 0.3671 | − 4.37e5 (− 0.0001; 4.059e−5) | 0.3277 |
