Fig. 1
The phenotypes of exo70a1-1 hypocotyls suggest impaired cellulose synthesis. (A) Cellulose content measurement showing the reduced cellulose deposition in exo70a1-1, which can be restored by transgene of EXO70A1pro::EXO70A1-GFP. Ethanol-insoluble cell wall material (CWM) was prepared from 5-day-old etiolated hypocotyls of WT, exo70a1-1, and EXO70A1-GFP (The transgenic line of EXO70A1pro::EXO70A1-GFP in exo70a1-1 background), respectively. Values are means from three biological replicates, error bars represent SD. ANOVA was performed, letters [A-B] denote groups that show statistically significant differences with other groups, p < 0.01. (B) Representative figure showing the short-hypocotyl phenotype of 3-day-old dark grown exo70a1-1 mutant seedling was completely restored with transgene. Scale bar = 0.5 cm. (C) Quantification of hypocotyl length. Values are means from three biological replicates, error bars represent SD. The Student’s t-test was performed, letters [A-B] denote groups showing statistically significant differences with other groups, p < 0.01. (D) Morphology of elongated hypocotyl epidermal cells from 3-day-old seedlings. Epidermal cells were stained with Propidium iodide (PI) dye. Representative cells are highlighted and marked with arrows. Scale bar = 50 μm. (E) Quantification of cell length in (D). n = 35 cells for WT, n = 34 cells for exo70a1-1, n = 31 cells for EXO70A1-GFP from 10 seedlings for each group. Error bars represent SD. ANOVA was performed, letters [A-B] denote groups showing statistically significant differences with other groups, p < 0.01. (F) The developmental defects of exo70a1-1, such as dwarf and sterile plant, are restored in EXO70A1-GFP lines. Representative plants of 35-day-old are shown. Bar = 5 cm.
