Fig. 4

Therapeutic effects of scar resection and dECM hydrogel (scaffold). (a) Experimental design and images of scar resection and dECM hydrogel (scaffold) in the chronic transected SCI model. (b) Heatmap of the angiogenesis-associated genes in the scar resection and scar resection + scaffold groups. Scale, 0 <  − log 10|adjusted P| < 1.00. (c) Examination of neovascularization at the epicenter using immunohistochemical staining for CD31. Scale bar, 1000 μm. (d) Quantification of the CD31+ area in the 1000-μm-wide regions at the epicenter (n = 4 each). One-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey–Kramer test; N.S., not significant; *P < 0.05. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM.