Table 1 Demographic and clinical parameters associated with ROP.

From: Association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) rs2070744 variant with advanced retinopathy of prematurity: a case–control study and meta-analysis

Parameter

Incidence and outcome of ROP, N = 285

Statistical analysis

I

No ROP

N = 105

II

ROP not requiring treatment

N = 90

III

ROP requiring treatment

N = 90

I/II/III

β, Pfor trend

I vs. II + III

P

I + II vs. III

P

Gestational age [week]

Mean (SD)

29.2

27.4

25.9

− 0.633, < 0.001

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

Range

24–33

23–31

22–33

Body mass [g]

Mean (SD)

1344.7 (329.6)

1049.9 (270.9)

890.6 (239.0)

− 0.552, < 0.001

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

Range

640–2340

490–1800

432–1700

Intrauterine hypotrophy; n (%)

3 (2.9)

12 (13.3)

4 (4.4)

0.034, 0.567

0.049

0.309

Male sex; n (%)

54 (51.4)

52 (57.8)

51 (56.7)

0.045, 0.449

0.343

0.716

Apgar 1; Median (Q1, Q3)

6 (4.8)

4.5 (2.6)

3 (1.6)

− 0.374, < 0.0001

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

Apgar 5; Median (Q1, Q3)

8 (7.9)

7 (6.8)

7 (6.7)

− 0.324, < 0.0001

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

Number of RBC transfusions; Mean (SD)

1.8 (1.8)

4.4 (3.1)

6.6 (3.5)

− 0.554, < 0.0001

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

Risk factors at birth

Ruptured fetal bladder; n (%)

29 (27.6)

26 (28.9)

26 (28.9)

0.021, 0.730

0.753

0.774

Ruptured fetal bladder time period [d]; Mean (SD)

2.1 (4.9)

3.1 (8.9)

3.8 (12.2)

0.079, 0.188

0.752

0.773

Delivery by caesarean section; n (%)

63 (60)

46 (51.1)

42 (46.7)

− 0.111, 0.061

0.070

0.148

Parameters related to respiratory failure

Surfactant treatment; n (%)

35 (33.3)

38 (42.2)

61 (58.1)

0.334, < 0.0001

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

Resuscitation; n (%)

78 (74.3)

76 (72.4)

78 (74.3)

0.262, < 0.0001

< 0.0001

0.001

Mechanical ventilation; n (%)

46 (43.8)

61 (58.1)

87 (82.9)

0.467, < 0.0001

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

Mechanical ventilation time period [d]; Mean (SD)

10.9 (15.0)

24.8 (23.6)

41.3 (29.2)

0.483, < 0.0001

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

Complications of prematurity; n (%)

NEC

14 (86.7)

23 (25.6)

38 (42,7)

0.273, < 0.0001

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

BPD

13 (12.4)

39 (37.1)

64 (61.0)

0.494, < 0.0001

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

IVH

37 (35.2)

56 (53.3)

76 (72.4)

0.414, < 0.0001

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

RDS

68 (64.8)

58 (55.2)

74 (70.5)

0.154, 0.009

0.127

0.003

DWMI

1 (1.0)

9 (8.6)

12 (11.4)

0.194, 0.001

0.001

0.016

  1. BPD bronchopulmonary dysplasia, DWMI diffuse white matter injury, IVH intraventricular hemorrhage, RDS respiratory distress syndrome, ROP retinopathy of prematurity, NEC necrotizing enterocolitis.
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