Table 3 Changes in values in the wearable devices in telemedicine group.

From: Utilization of telemedicine in conjunction with wearable devices for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Variables

N

Baseline

N

6 months

p-value

Effect size

Mean (SD)

[95% CI]

Mean (SD)

[95% CI]

Steps, number per day

37

7,110 (4,164)

[5,633–8,586]

37

8,054 (4,168)

[6,576–9,532]

0.012*

0.387

Distance, km per day

37

4.6 (2.6)

[3.7–5.5]

37

5.3 (2.7)

[4.3–6.3]

0.008*

0.416

Sedentary time, min per day

37

770 (179)

[706–833]

37

717 (118)

[675–759]

0.183

0.150

Light activity, min per day

37

263 (98)

[201–271]

37

252 (95)

[218–286]

0.086

0.229

MVPA, min per day

37

24 (29)

[13–34]

37

25 (29)

[15–36]

0.276

0.099

Consumption of calories by activity, calories per day

37

754 (393)

[615–894]

37

800 (390)

[662–939]

0.101

0.214

Sleep duration, min per day

36

383 (65)

[360–406]

33

382 (62)

[360–404]

0.449

0.022

- REM sleep, min per day

36

69 (26)

[60–78]

33

67 (25)

[58–76]

0.291

0.097

- Light sleep, min per day

36

228 (58)

[207–248]

33

214 (74)

[188–240]

0.090

0.239

- Deep sleep, min per day

36

53 (20)

[46–60]

33

54 (23)

[46–62]

0.359

0.063

  1. CI, Confidence Interval; MVPA, moderate and vigorous physical activity; REM, Rapid eye movement; SD, Standard Deviation. *, p < 0.05, between at baseline and 6 months. Continuous variables were represented as mean, standard deviations, and 95% confidence interval. Cohen’s d was used to evaluate the magnitude of the effect size. The data of sleep duration were lacked in one participants at baseline, and 3 participants at 6 months.
  2. Participants showed significantly higher the number of steps, and distance at 6 months, compared with baseline (p < 0.05*).
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