Fig. 2

(a through d) Photomicrographic images of histologic sections in both MTA, and MTA + ZnO groups. (D: dentin, HTB: hard-tissue barrier, P: vital pulp, B: bone, pdl: periodontal ligament, BVC: blood vessel congestion and hyperemia, INF: inflammation, MTA: mineral trioxide aggregate, MTA + ZnO: mineral trioxide aggregate mixed with zinc oxide.) (a) Formation of a continuous hard-tissue barrier in response to MTA (H&E ×40). (b) Incomplete and non-continuous dentin bridge formation in MTA + ZnO group (H&E ×100). (c) Areas of necrosis in the upper root canal area, along with a mild chronic inflammatory process in the remaining viable pulp tissue in the MTA + ZnO group (H&E ×40). (d) Upper regions exhibit chronic lymphocytic inflammatory cell infiltration, while lower areas display pulpal hyperemia, including multiple congested blood vessels (H&E ×400).