Table 14 Analysis of system input.

From: HEPSO-SMC: a sliding mode controller optimized by hybrid enhanced particle swarm algorithm for manipulators

Controller

Mean

Std

Range

Frequency

SMC

0

3

[− 4,4]

High

HEPSO-SMC

0

1

[− 2,2]

Low

  1. Significant values are in bold.
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