Table 1 Possible factors May be associated with mortality in 30-day follow-up between two groups.
Characteristics | Morality group (n = 11) | Survival group (n = 1249) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 82.0 (77.0–84.0) | 80.0 (75.0–85.0) | 0.597 |
Gender, n (%) | 1.000 | ||
Male | 3 (27.3%) | 374 (29.9%) | |
Female | 8 (72.7%) | 875 (70.1%) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.4 (20.0–24.8) | 22.7 (20.8–25.0) | 0.631 |
Normal (BMI < 24 kg/m2) | 7 (63.6%) | 831 (66.5%) | 0.955 |
Overweight (24 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m2) | 3 (27.3%) | 332 (26.6%) | |
Obesity (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2) | 1 (9.1%) | 86 (6.9%) | |
Fracture type, n (%) | 0.326 | ||
Stable (A1.1–A2.1) | 4 (36.4%) | 640 (51.2%) | |
Unstable (A2.2–A3.3) | 7 (63.6%) | 609 (48.8%) | |
Time from injury to surgery (days) | 7.0 (5.5–8.0) | 6.0 (4.0–7.0) | 0.204 |
Time from injury to hospital (h) | 14.0 (9.0–22.0) | 9.0 (5.0–20.0) | 0.148 |
Operation time (min) | 90.0 (67.5–135.0) | 90.0 (75.0–120.0) | 0.934 |
≤ 60 | 3 (27.3%) | 206 (16.5%) | 0.405 |
> 60 | 8 (72.7%) | 1043 (83.5%) | |
Blood loss (mls) | 200.0 (125.0–250.0) | 200.0 (150.0–300.0) | 0.403 |
ASA, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
1 | 2 (18.2%) | 225 (18.1%) | |
2 | 1 (9.1%) | 349 (27.9%) | |
3 | 0 (0%) | 454 (36.3%) | |
4 | 3 (27.3%) | 187 (15.0%) | |
5 | 5 (45.4%) | 34 (2.7%) | |
General anesthesia, n (%) | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 4 (36.4%) | 492 (39.4%) | |
No | 7 (63.6%) | 757 (60.6%) | |
Hospital stay (days) | 16.5 (10.0–20.5) | 13.0 (10.0–17.0) | 0.171 |
Blood transfusion volume, U | |||
Total | 6.0 (4.0–10.0) | 4.0 (2.0–6.0) | 0.05 |
Pre-operation | 2.0 (1.0–4.5) | 0.0 (0.0–2.0) | 0.018 |
Intra-operation | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 2.0 (0.0–2.0) | 0.240 |
Post-operation | 2.0 (0.0–4.0) | 2.0 (0.0–2.0) | 0.225 |
Pre-operation + intra-operation | 4.0 (2.0–5.0) | 2.0 (2.0–4.0) | 0.214 |
Pre-operation + post-operation | 5.0 (3.0–9.0) | 2.0 (0.0–4.0) | 0.031 |
Intra-operation + post-operation | 4.0 (2.0–5.0) | 2.0 (2.0–4.0) | 0.441 |
Number of transfusion, n (%) | |||
Total | 3.0 (1.5–4.5) | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 0.025 |
Pre-operation | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 0.0 (0.0–1.0) | 0.045 |
Intra-operation | 1.0 (0.0–1.0) | 1.0 (0.0–1.0) | 0.952 |
Post-operation | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 1.0 (0.0–1.0) | 0.244 |
Pre-operation + intra-operation | 2.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 0.039 |
Pre-operation + post-operation | 3.0 (0.0–4.0) | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 0.064 |
Intra-operation + post-operation | 2.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 0.073 |
Hemoglobin (g/L) | |||
Admission | 92.1 (85.2–101.5) | 104.9 (93.75–115.9) | 0.043 |
One day after surgery | 96.9 (92.4–105.1) | 99.1 (90.1–109.65) | 0.731 |
Minimum | 80.0 (75.8–92.1) | 87.8 (80.3–96.6) | 0.194 |
Discharge | 105.9 (85.7–114.2) | 103.2 (95.7–110.5) | 0.748 |
Vein thrombosis (admission), n (%) | 0.018 | ||
Yes | 9 (81.8%) | 575 (46.0%) | |
No | 2 (18.2%) | 674 (54.0%) | |
Electrolyte disturbance (admission), n (%) | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 0 (0%) | 69 (5.5%) | |
No | 11 (100%) | 1180 (94.5%) | |
Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
Anemia | 0.453 | ||
Yes | 1 (9.1%) | 66 (5.3%) | |
No | 10 (90.9%) | 1183 (94.7%) | |
Dementia | 0.173 | ||
Yes | 2 (18.2%) | 85 (6.8%) | |
No | 9 (81.8%) | 1164 (93.2%) | |
Pneumonia | 0.001 | ||
Yes | 5 (45.5%) | 100 (8.0%) | |
No | 6 (54.5%) | 1149 (92.0%) | |
Arteriosclerosis | 0.445 | ||
Yes | 3 (27.3%) | 235 (18.8%) | |
No | 8 (72.7%) | 1014 (81.2%) | |
Cerebrovascular disease | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 2 (18.2%) | 212 (17.0%) | |
No | 9 (81.8%) | 1037 (83.0%) | |
Hypoproteinemia | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 0 (0%) | 103 (8.2%) | |
No | 11 (100%) | 1146 (91.8%) | |
Arrhythmology | 0.353 | ||
Yes | 2 (18.2%) | 139 (11.1%) | |
No | 9 (81.8%) | 1110 (88.9%) | |
Heart failure | 0.047 | ||
Yes | 2 (18.2%) | 39 (3.1%) | |
No | 9 (81.8%) | 1210 (96.9%) | |
Myocardial infarction | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 0 (0%) | 16 (1.3%) | |
No | 11 (100%) | 1233 (98.7%) | |
Diabetes | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 2 (18.2%) | 245 (19.6%) | |
No | 9 (81.8%) | 1004 (80.4%) | |
Cerebral hemorrhage | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 0 (0%) | 13 (1.0%) | |
No | 11 (100%) | 1236 (99.0%) | |
Cerebral infarction | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 2 (18.2%) | 258 (20.7%) | |
No | 9 (81.8%) | 991 (79.3%) | |
Coronary heart disease | 0.706 | ||
Yes | 3 (27.3%) | 257 (20.6%) | |
No | 8 (72.7%) | 992 (79.4%) | |
Hypertension | 0.235 | ||
Yes | 7 (63.6%) | 571 (45.7%) | |
No | 4 (36.4%) | 678 (54.3%) | |
Complications, n (%) | |||
Heart failure | 0.001 | ||
Yes | 5 (45.5%) | 102 (8.2%) | |
No | 6 (54.5%) | 1147 (91.8%) | |
Respiratory failure | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 4 (36.4%) | 26 (2.1%) | |
No | 7 (63.6%) | 1223 (97.9%) | |
Cerebral infarction | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 0 (0%) | 46 (3.7%) | |
No | 11 (100%) | 1203 (96.3%) | |
Stress ulcer | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 0 (0%) | 31 (2.5%) | |
No | 11 (100%) | 1218 (97.5%) | |
Arrhythmology | 0.420 | ||
Yes | 3 (27.3%) | 218 (17.5%) | |
No | 8 (72.7%) | 1031 (82.5%) | |
Pneumonia | 0.004 | ||
Yes | 5 (45.5%) | 135 (10.8%) | |
No | 6 (54.5%) | 1114 (89.2%) | |
Delirium | 0.183 | ||
Yes | 2 (18.2%) | 88 (7.0%) | |
No | 9 (81.8%) | 1161 (93.0%) | |
Anemia | 0.160 | ||
Yes | 2 (18.2%) | 81 (6.5%) | |
No | 9 (81.8%) | 1168 (93.5%) | |
Vein thrombosis | 0.063 | ||
Yes | 8 (72.7%) | 531 (42.5%) | |
No | 3 (27.3%) | 718 (57.5%) | |
Electrolyte disturbance | 0.978 | ||
Yes | 5 (45.5%) | 573 (45.9%) | |
No | 6 (54.5%) | 676 (54.1%) | |
Hypoproteinemia | 0.313 | ||
Yes | 5 (45.5%) | 358 (28.7%) | |
No | 6 (54.5%) | 891 (71.3%) | |
Hyperglycemia | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 3 (27.3%) | 327 (26.2%) | |
No | 8 (72.7%) | 922 (73.8%) | |
