Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with and without liver steatosis.
Characteristic | Level | Overall (n = 1489) | Control (n = 917) | Liver steatosis (n = 572) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (Years) | 45.74 ± 0.83 | 41.82 ± 1.07 | 51.83 ± 1.07 | < 0.001 | |
20 ~ 39 years | 551(41.07) | 417(51.68) | 134(24.58) | < 0.001 | |
40 ~ 59 years | 506(34.61) | 289(29.51) | 217(42.55) | ||
60 ~ 80 years | 432(24.32) | 211(18.81) | 221(32.87) | ||
Gender | Female | 739(49.39) | 484(53.73) | 255(42.65) | 0.009 |
Male | 750(50.61) | 433(46.27) | 317(57.35) | ||
Race | Non-Hispanic white | 548(66.21) | 315(64.04) | 233(69.59) | 0.001 |
Non-Hispanic black | 299(8.66) | 228(11.07) | 71(4.93) | ||
Mexican American | 174(8.05) | 97(7.86) | 77(8.36) | ||
Other Hispanic | 144(6.36) | 83(6.40) | 61(6.29) | ||
Other race | 324(10.72) | 194(10.63) | 130(10.83) | ||
Education | Less than high school | 238(9.02) | 138(8.66) | 100(9.59) | 0.757 |
High school graduate | 342(23.87) | 209(23.28) | 133(24.78) | ||
Some college | 443(28.60) | 287(29.48) | 156(27.22) | ||
College graduate or above | 466(38.51) | 283(38.58) | 183(38.41) | ||
Marital status | No | 594(39.06) | 412(46.11) | 182(28.10) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 895(60.94) | 505(53.89) | 390(71.90) | ||
Smoke | Former | 316(25.49) | 169(20.81) | 147(32.76) | 0.021 |
Never | 902(58.56) | 565(63.28) | 337(51.23) | ||
Now | 271(15.95) | 183(15.91) | 88(16.01) | ||
Alcohol | No | 142(6.32) | 89(6.80) | 53(5.57) | 0.285 |
Yes | 1347(93.68) | 828(93.20) | 519(94.43) | ||
Activity | Moderate | 350(25.57) | 203(23.27) | 147(29.16) | 0.046 |
No | 659(36.38) | 391(34.71) | 268(38.99) | ||
Vigorous | 480(38.05) | 323(42.02) | 157(31.85) | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.88 ± 0.14 | 24.08 ± 0.16 | 26.13 ± 0.17 | < 0.001 | |
Waistline(cm) | 89.15 ± 0.37 | 85.93 ± 0.50 | 94.16 ± 0.49 | < 0.001 | |
Height(cm) | 168.63 ± 0.35 | 168.04 ± 0.53 | 169.55 ± 0.52 | 0.072 | |
FBG(mmol/L) | 5.53 ± 0.02 | 5.44 ± 0.03 | 5.68 ± 0.02 | < 0.001 | |
Insulin(uU/mL) | 7.79 ± 0.20 | 7.03 ± 0.27 | 8.98 ± 0.28 | < 0.001 | |
HbA1c (%) | 5.34 ± 0.02 | 5.30 ± 0.01 | 5.41 ± 0.03 | < 0.001 | |
ALT (U/L) | 19.61 ± 0.38 | 17.96 ± 0.47 | 22.16 ± 0.74 | < 0.001 | |
AST(U/L) | 20.95 ± 0.30 | 20.28 ± 0.38 | 22.00 ± 0.52 | 0.016 | |
GGT (IU/L) | 24.40 ± 0.78 | 20.18 ± 0.70 | 30.94 ± 1.96 | < 0.001 | |
Cr (umol/L) | 76.41 ± 0.50 | 75.90 ± 0.74 | 77.20 ± 1.01 | 0.369 | |
UA (umol/L) | 305.16 ± 3.51 | 293.11 ± 4.31 | 323.86 ± 5.52 | < 0.001 | |
BUN (mg/mL) | 14.30 ± 0.17 | 14.02 ± 0.21 | 14.73 ± 0.30 | 0.059 | |
TG (mg/mL) | 92.69 ± 1.82 | 77.90 ± 1.60 | 115.68 ± 4.24 | < 0.001 | |
TC (mg/mL) | 187.61 ± 1.72 | 181.58 ± 2.05 | 196.99 ± 3.81 | 0.003 | |
HDL (mg/mL) | 58.74 ± 0.80 | 59.94 ± 0.79 | 56.86 ± 1.21 | 0.021 | |
hsCRP (mg/L) | 2.64 ± 0.23 | 2.46 ± 0.34 | 2.91 ± 0.52 | 0.548 | |
HOMA-IR | 1.95 ± 0.06 | 1.73 ± 0.07 | 2.30 ± 0.08 | < 0.001 | |
LSM (kPa) | 4.95 ± 0.07 | 4.80 ± 0.10 | 5.19 ± 0.14 | 0.045 | |
CAP (dB/m) | 236.65 ± 1.63 | 204.98 ± 1.78 | 285.88 ± 1.97 | < 0.001 | |
CMI | 0.44 ± 0.01 | 0.34 ± 0.01 | 0.59 ± 0.03 | < 0.001 | |
AIP | −0.22 ± 0.01 | −0.29 ± 0.01 | −0.11 ± 0.01 | < 0.001 | |
TyG | 8.26 ± 0.02 | 8.11 ± 0.02 | 8.50 ± 0.02 | < 0.001 | |
eGDR | 9.29 ± 0.09 | 9.82 ± 0.11 | 8.47 ± 0.10 | < 0.001 | |
Hypertension | No | 1016(73.63) | 677(79.84) | 339(63.98) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 473(26.37) | 240(20.16) | 233(36.02) | ||
ASCVD | No | 1380(93.68) | 860(95.56) | 520(90.75) | 0.021 |
Yes | 109(6.32) | 57(4.44) | 52(9.25) | ||
CKD | No | 1323(92.04) | 825(92.94) | 498(90.63) | 0.068 |
Yes | 166(7.96) | 92(7.06) | 74(9.37) | ||
Cancer | No | 1350(89.28) | 845(89.38) | 505(89.11) | 0.92 |
Yes | 139(10.72) | 72(10.62) | 67(10.89) |
