Table 1 Demographic, clinical and biochemical characteristics of the study subjects.

Characteristic	T2DM	T2DM + CHD	P value
Number	68	69
Age (year)	52.05 ± 12.04	65.17 ± 11.42	0.001^*
Gender (female/male)	32/36	34/35	0.193
DM Duration (years) Abdominal circumferences(cm)	8.03 ± 6.80 92.76 ± 8.10	15.95 ± 6.61 92.96 ± 8.70	0.019^* 0.894
BMI(kg/m²)	25.89 ± 3.27	25.31 ± 3.23	0.306
HbA1c (%)	7.76 ± 1.65	8.73 ± 1.94	0.002^*
DM Family history (yes/no)	26/42	29/40	0.688
Smoking (yes/no)	29/39	20/49	0.095
Drinking alcohol (yes/no)	24/44	21/48	0.275
SBP(mmHg)	130.16 ± 16.41	138.41 ± 17.81	0.006^*
DBP(mmHg)	86.57 ± 13.45	86.22 ± 10.96	0.865
FBG(mmol/L)	7.75 ± 2.62	10.14 ± 3.84	< 0.001*
TC (mmol/L)	5.17 ± 1.36	4.61 ± 1.21	0.011^*
TG (mmol/L)	2.62 ± 1.88	1.66 ± 1.20	0.051
LDL-C (mmol/L)	3.01 ± 0.76	2.69 ± 0.82	0.015^*
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.20 ± 0.27	1.19 ± 0.25	0.264
VLDL-C (mmol/L)	1.19 ± 1.76	0.75 ± 0.54	0.052
ALT (U/L)	31.34 ± 27.94	28.45 ± 26.76	0.538
AST (U/L)	22.90 ± 14.59	22.78 ± 11.51	0.959
Cr (µmol/L)	70.04 ± 31.87	69.92 ± 21.03	0.656
eGFR(ml/min/1.73 m²)	99.59 ± 22.06	88.56 ± 18.48	0.002^*
UA (µmol/L)	334.07 ± 103.04	314.25 ± 90.37	0.102
CRP (mg/L)	4.83 ± 1.13	3.69 ± 1.33	0.537
FC-P (ng/mL)	2.64 ± 1.13	2.38 ± 1.18	0.239
Hcy(µmol/L)	12.38 ± 4.65	12.88 ± 4.86	0.850
25(OH)D(ng/ml)	27.74 ± 6.76	16.25 ± 5.22	0.165
LVEF(%)	56.41 ± 4.42	50.63 ± 3.35	< 0.001*

BMI: body mass index; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; SBP: systolic pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FBG: fasting blood glucose; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; VLDL-C: very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; Cr: creatinine; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; UA: uric acid; CRP: C-reactive protein; FC-P: fasting C peptide; Hcy: homocysteine; 25 (OH) D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction.
* p < 0.05, T2DM + CHD vs. T2DM.

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