Table 1 The parameters of the CSTH process.
Parameter | Value | Description |
---|---|---|
\(\rho\) | 1200 kg/m3 | Tank fluid density |
\(A\) | 0.0707 m2 | Tank inside cross-sectional area |
\({C}_{p}\) | 4190 J/(kg·°C) | Tank fluid heat capacity |
\(g\) | 9.8 m/s2 | Gravity acceleration |
\({K}_{T}\) | 2%/°C | Temperature transmitter gain |
\({K}_{vL}\) | 1.25 × 10⁻5 | Level control valve constant |
\({K}_{vT}\) | 32 × 10⁻⁶ | Temperature control valve constant |
\({K}_{xL}\) | 0.01/% | Level control valve stem constant |
\({Q}_{i}\) | 7 × 10⁻4 m3/s | Normal tank inlet fluid flow rate |
\({T}_{i}\) | 24 °C | Fluid inlet temperature |
\({T}_{L}\) | 2 s | Level transmitter time constant |
\({T}_{T}\) | 15 s | Temperature transmitter time constant |
\({T}_{vL}\) | 3 s | Level control valve time constant |
\({T}_{vT}\) | 5 s | Temperature control valve time constant |
\({\rho }_{c}\) | 800 kg/m3 | Heating fluid density |
\({A}_{c}\) | 0.6362 m2 | Heat exchanger transfer area |
\({C}_{pc}\) | 2400 J/(kg·°C) | Heating fluid heat capacity |
\({K}_{L}\) | 125%/m | Level transmitter gain |
\({K}_{xT}\) | 0.01/% | Temperature control valve stem constant |
\({P}_{cp}\) | 4.14 × 105 Pa | Heating fluid pump discharge pressure |
\({P}_{cr}\) | 1.38 × 105 Pa | Heating fluid system return pressure |
\({R}_{c}\) | 5.5 × 105 Pa/(m3/s) 2 | Heating system pipe nominal flow resistance |
\({R}_{vT}\) | 50 | Temperature control valve rangeability |
\({T}_{ci}\) | 320 °C | Heating fluid inlet temperature |
\(U\) | 440 J/(s·m2·°C) | Overall heat-transfer coefficient |
\({V}_{c}\) | 0.0139 m3 | Heat exchanger volume |