Table 4 Multiple linear regression models to assess the effect of ADHD symptoms and effort discounting on negative lifestyles.

From: Association between ADHD symptoms, physical effort discounting, and unhealthy lifestyles in adults

Linear regression to assess the influence of ADHD symptoms and effort discounting on sedentary lifestyle

 

Coefficient

S.E

t value

p

Beta

Dependent variable

 GPAQ (transformed)

     

Independent variable(s)

 ASRS-18 (transformed)

− 0.687

0.33

− 2.09

0.038

− 0.42

 k effort (transformed)

0.796

0.45

1.76

0.080

0.71

 ASRS-18 × k effort

− 0.135

0.06

− 2.20

0.029

− 0.89

Covariates

 BMI (transformed)

0.571

5.56

0.10

0.918

0.008

 Sex

− 0.733

0.40

− 1.83

0.069

− 0.15

Intercept

16.85

10.01

1.68

0.094

 

Logistic regression to assess the influence of ADHD symptoms and effort discounting on smoking

 

Coefficient

S.E

z value

p

95% Conf. Interval

Dependent variable

 Smoker (0 = no, 1 = yes)

     

Independent variable(s)

 ASRS-18 (transformed)

0.729

0.34

2.16

0.031

(0.068, 1.39)

 k effort (transformed)

− 0.691

0.47

− 1.47

0.141

(− 1.61, 0.23)

 ASRS-18 × k effort

0.094

0.062

1.52

0.130

(− 0.03, 0.21)

Covariates

 BMI (transformed)

7.81

5.41

1.44

0.149

(− 2.79, 18.4)

 Sex

− 0.776

0.41

− 1.91

0.057

(− 1.57, 0.022)

Intercept

− 19.64

9.86

− 1.99

0.046

(− 39.0, − 0.32)

  1. Top, ADHD symptoms and and its interaction with effort discounting significantly explained GPAQ: a lower physical activity was associated with higher symptoms and, as shown in Fig. 5, the effect of effort discounting on a sedentary lifestyle was stronger when ADHD symptoms increased. Bottom, ADHD symptoms also increased the probability of smoking, according to the logistic regression.
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