Table 3 Results of balance performance and executive performance.

From: The application of computerized quadrato motor training in enhancing balance and executive performance in stroke patients

Parameters

CT(n = 20)

ET(n = 20)

IT(n = 20)

Interaction effect

Intergroup comparisons

Post-test

Post-test

Post-test

Wald χ2

P

F / H

η2

P

Prokin test–EO

 Average swing speed in AP(mm/sec)

10.90 ± 3.92

10.25 ± 5.57

7.65 ± 1.98

15.357

< 0.001

7.564b

0.098

0.023

 Average swing speed in ML(mm/sec)

9.45 ± 3.62

8.60 ± 4.64

5.65 ± 1.95

35.567

< 0.001

15.065b

0.229

0.01

 Elliptical trajectory area(mm2)

414.45 ± 186.37

294.90 ± 124.28

221.15 ± 127.82

4.882

0.087

12.056b

0.176

0.002

 Trajectory lengths(mm)

476.95 ± 153.94

453.40 ± 214.48

331.90 ± 75.39

30.254

< 0.001

10.700b

0.153

0.005

Prokin test–EC

 Average swing speed in AP(mm/sec)

18.45 ± 8.65

18.90 ± 9.25

13.90 ± 5.59

17.376

< 0.001

2.394a

0.078

0.100

 Average swing speed in ML(mm/sec)

12.90 ± 5.82

12.40 ± 6.80

7.65 ± 4.97

43.127

< 0.001

11.611b

0.169

0.003

 Elliptical trajectory area(mm2)

848.15 ± 561.43

750.25 ± 508.02

404.25 ± 260.24

25.448

< 0.001

12.380b

0.182

0.002

 Trajectory lengths(mm)

703.00 ± 338.42

748.65 ± 340.26

509.75 ± 230.58

37.843

< 0.001

7.043b

0.088

0.030

LOS

 Score(%)

61.92 ± 16.74

70.21 ± 17.14

72.25 ± 17.10

37.943

< 0.001

4.492b

0.044

0.106

Berg

 Score (number)

43.55 ± 4.22

45.75 ± 2.95

49.95 ± 3.69

83.373

< 0.001

20.902b

0.332

< 0.001

POMA

 Balance (number)

11.05 ± 2.16

11.55 ± 2.14

13.80 ± 1.77

34.335

< 0.001

16.499b

0.254

< 0.001

 Gait (number)

5.25 ± 1.94

6.70 ± 1.81

9.70 ± 2.85

72.204

< 0.001

23.752b

0.382

< 0.001

 Tota l(number)

16.30 ± 3.96

18.25 ± 3.54

23.50 ± 3.78

105.177

< 0.001

23.099b

0.370

< 0.001

FTSTS

 Score(s)

16.67 ± 2.11

16.44 ± 2.89

14.34 ± 2.41

19.240

< 0.001

5.308a

0.157

0.008

TMT

 TMT-A(s)

72.17 ± 21.10

63.60 ± 18.26

46.59 ± 17.25

116.890

< 0.001

9.455a

0.249

< 0.001

 TMT-B(s)

166.16 ± 42.78

149.03 ± 38.54

92.85 ± 40.06

240.644

< 0.001

17.934a

0.386

< 0.001

 TMT B-A(s)

90.30 ± 29.20

85.43 ± 26.69

45.02 ± 26.62

133.508

< 0.001

16.309a

0.364

< 0.001

Stroop

 RT-congruent(s)

1574.99 ± 663.37

1275.67 ± 330.22

943.42 ± 200.83

23.120

< 0.001

23.784b

0.382

< 0.001

 RT-incongruent(s)

1844.55 ± 670.51

1467.70 ± 375.27

1071.16 ± 234.41

27.936

< 0.001

25.680b

0.415

< 0.001

 Stroop score(s)

277.28 ± 155.11

212.24 ± 162.52

129.54 ± 98.28

58.645

< 0.001

12.990b

0.193

0.002

Dual-task performance

 TUGT(s)

20.47 ± 3.56

19.23 ± 4.16

15.51 ± 3.13

226.100

< 0.001

10.046a

0.261

< 0.001

 TUGTcog(s)

27.40 ± 3.05

26.45 ± 4.07

18.86 ± 3.41

451.481

< 0.001

35.058a

0.552

< 0.001

 DTC(%)

0.353 ± 0.134

0.397 ± 0.134

0.224 ± 0.108

64.352

< 0.001

18.469b

0.289

< 0.001

ABC

 Score (number)

59.59 ± 22.80

74.34 ± 13.07

79.53 ± 17.57

35.896

< 0.001

6.424a

0.184

0.003

  1. AP anterior-posterior, ABC The Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale, BBS berg balance scale, CT conventional rehabilitation training, DTC dual-task cost, EO eyes open, EC eyes closed, ET exercise training, FTSTS The Five Times Sit-to-Stand, IT Interactive motor-cognitive training, LOS The Limit of Stability Test, ML medial-lateral, POMA Tinetti performance-oriented mobility assessment, RT reaction time, TUGT Timed Up and Go Test, TUGTcog Timed Up and Go Test Cognitive, TMT The Trail Making Test.
  2. a: F value, based on One-Way ANOVA; b: H value, based on Kruskal-Wallis test.
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