Table 3 Comparison between the PINN and Algorithm 1 for Allen–Cahn equation.

From: Parameter identification for PDEs using sparse interior data and a recurrent neural network

Methodologies

Results

Algorithm 1

PINN

Relative \(L_{2}\) errors

4.05e\(-\)3

4.89e\(-\)1

Estimated diffusion rate error

2.32e\(-\)1

8.34e\(-\)1

Estimated reaction coefficient

3.41e\(-\)3

1.42e\(-\)1