Table 2 Comparison of means (t-test) for Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAL) and Short Form-36 (HRQOL) between reference scores of healthy, gender-matched subjects and patients with MO.

Variable		n	Reference scores (mean)	N	MO (mean ± SD)	95% CI	p
BPAQ work^a	Male	139	2.6	146	2.3 (± 0.9)	2.2–2.5	< 0.001
BPAQ work^a	Female	167	2.9	196	2.4 (± 0.7)	2.3–2.5	< 0.001
BPAQ sport^a	Male	139	2.8	146	2.2 (± 0.9)	2.1–2.4	< 0.001
BPAQ sport^a	Female	167	2.4	196	2.1 (± 0.9)	2.0–2.2	< 0.001
BPAQ leisure^a	Male	139	2.8	146	2.6 (± 0.9)	2.5–2.8	0.012
BPAQ leisure^a	Female	167	3.1	196	2.7 (± 0.9)	2.5–2.8	< 0.001
BPAQ total^a	Male	139	8.2	146	7.2 (± 1.6)	6.9–7.5	< 0.001
BPAQ total^a	Female	167	8.4	196	7.1 (± 1.7)	6.9–7.4	< 0.001
SF-36 PCS^b	Male	976	50.5	146	44.6 (± 10.7)	42.8–46.3	< 0.001
SF-36 PCS^b	Female	766	49.3	196	39.6 (± 10.9)	38.1–41.1	< 0.001
SF-36 MCS^b	Male	976	51.3	146	50.4 (± 10.0)	48.7–52	0.254
SF-36 MCS^b	Female	766	48.4	196	48.2 (± 10.8)	46.7–49.7	0.819

BPAQ Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire, SF-36 short form-36, PCS physical component score, MCS mental component score.
^aReference scores from Baecke et al.²⁸ (The Netherlands).
^bReference scores from Aaronson et al.²⁹ (The Netherlands).

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