Table 1 Sample characteristics stratified by high and low overall loneliness*.
From: Loneliness is related to facial emotion perception in people with HIV
Total Sample (N = 79) N (%) | Overall loneliness | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
High (n = 29) n (%) | Low (n = 50) n (%) | |||
Sex as a biological variable | 0.38 | |||
Male | 44 (55.7) | 18 (62.1) | 26 (52.0) | |
Female | 35 (44.3) | 11 (37.9) | 24 (48.0) | |
Gender | ||||
Male | 46 (58.2) | 20 (69.0) | 26 (52.0) | 0.14 |
Female | 33 (41.8) | 9 (31.0) | 24 (48.0) | |
Sexual identity | 0.26 | |||
Only straight or heterosexual | 41 (51.9) | 14 (48.3) | 27 (54.0) | |
Mostly straight or heterosexual | 6 (7.6) | 1 (3.4) | 5 (10.0) | |
Only lesbian or gay | 21 (26.6) | 8 (27.6) | 13 (26.0) | |
Mostly lesbian or gay | 5 (6.3) | 4 (13.8) | 1 (2.0) | |
Bisexual | 6 (7.6) | 2 (6.9) | 4 (8.0) | |
Race | 0.06 | |||
White | 14 (17.7) | 9 (31.0) | 5 (10.0) | |
Black | 61 (77.2) | 19 (65.5) | 42 (84.0) | |
Other | 4 (5.0) | 1 (3.4) | 3 (6.0) | |
Non-Hispanic | 77 (97.5) | 28 (96.6) | 49 (98.0) | 0.69 |
Age, M (SD) | 59.39 (9.37) | 59.38 (10.02) | 59.40 (9.07) | 0.99 |
Years of education, M (SD) | 14.01 (3.51) | 14.27 (4.38) | 13.86 (2.94) | 0.62 |
Viral load | 0.64 | |||
Undetectable (< 20cp/ml) | 69 (87.3) | 26 (89.7) | 43 (86.0) | |
Detectable (< 100 cp/ml) | 10 (12.7) | 3 (10.3) | 7 (14.0) | |
CD4 + T-cell count, median (IQR) | 708 (543) | 780 (623) | 689 (534) | 0.76 |
Most used antiretroviral agents | ||||
Emtricitabine | 59 (74.7) | 22 (75.9) | 37 (74.0) | 0.85 |
Tenofovir Alafenamide | 58 (73.4) | 22 (75.9) | 36 (72.0) | 0.71 |
Bictegravir | 44 (55.7) | 16 (55.2) | 28 (56.0) | 0.94 |
Dolutegravir | 17 (21.5) | 5 (17.2) | 12 (24.0) | 0.48 |
Rilpivirine | 13 (16.5) | 3 (10.3) | 10 (20.0) | 0.26 |
Lamivudine | 11 (13.9) | 4 (13.8) | 7 (14.0) | 0.98 |
Lifetime history of mood or anxiety disorder† | 38 (48.1) | 15 (51.7) | 23 (46.0) | 0.62 |
Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)−9, median (IQR) | 3.0 (7) | 6.0 (11) | 2.0 (4) | < 0.001 |
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)−7, median (IQR) | 2.0 (5) | 5.0 (10) | 1.0 (3) | < 0.001 |
PTSD Civilian Scale (PCL-C), median (IQR) | 24.0 (14) | 31.0 (17) | 21.5 (8) | < 0.001 |
Social Isolation, M median (IQR) | 2.0 (1) | 2.0 (1) | 2.0 (1) | 0.66 |
De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, median (IQR) | ||||
Overall | 2.00 (2) | 4.00 (2) | 0.00 (1) | < 0.001 |
Emotional | 1.00 (2) | 2.00 (2) | 0.00 (1) | < 0.001 |
Social | 1.00 (2) | 2.00 (2) | 1.00 (1) | < 0.001 |
