Table 2 Analysis of variance (P-value) and partial Eta - squared (ηp2-value) for the growth traits and biomass of seedlings treated with different ZnO NPs concentrations and sizes. ηp2 represents the proportion of variance explained by each factor, when the partial eta-squared value approaches 1, it indicates that the factor has a strong influence on the dependent variable.

From: Growth and physiology effects of seed priming and foliar application of ZnO nanoparticles on Hibiscus syriacus L.

Variables

Particle size

Concentration

Particle size *concentration

P

ηp2

P

ηp2

P

ηp2

Leaf length

<0.001

0.503

<0.001

0.958

<0.001

0.776

Leaf width

0.173

0.104

<0.001

0.898

<0.001

0.666

Seedling height

0.473

0.046

<0.001

0.964

<0.001

0.863

Leaf biomass

0.538

0.038

<0.001

0.929

0.005

0.464

Stem biomass

0.312

0.07

<0.001

0.977

<0.001

0.899

Root biomass

0.082

0.145

<0.001

0.951

<0.001

0.816

Chlorophyll a content

<0.001

0.676

<0.001

0.995

<0.001

0.978

Chlorophyll b content

0.002

0.321

<0.001

0.961

<0.001

0.888

Soluble sugar content

<0.001

0.576

<0.001

0.994

<0.001

0.994

Soluble protein content

<0.001

0.903

<0.001

0.994

<0.001

0.991

SOD activity

<0.001

0.767

<0.001

0.997

<0.001

0.982

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