Table 2 Geometry parameters.

From: Machine learning assisted CFD optimization of fuel-staging natural gas burners for enhanced combustion efficiency and reduced NOx emissions

Component

Shape

Description

Mathematical formulation

Outer chamber

Cylindrical

Outer chamber of the burner

\({X}^{2}+{y}^{2}={R}_{outer}^{2}\), where \({R}_{outer}\)​ is the outer chamber radius

Inner chamber

Cylindrical

Inner chamber inside the outer chamber

\({X}^{2}+{y}^{2}={R}_{inner}^{2}\)​, where \({R}_{inner}\)​ is the inner chamber radius

Burner cylinder

Cylindrical

Main body of the burner

\({X}^{2}+{y}^{2}={R}_{burner}^{2}\)​, where \({R}_{burner}\)​ is the burner cylinder radius

Burner top sphere

Spherical

Spherical object at the top of the burner cylinder

\({x}_{2}+{y}_{2}+{z}_{2}={R}_{sphere}^{2}\)​, where \({R}_{sphere}\)​ is the sphere radius

Fuel injection nozzles

Cylindrical

Nozzles for injecting fuel into the burner

\({X}^{2}+{y}^{2}={R}_{nozzle}^{2}\)​, where \({R}_{nozzle}\)​ is the nozzle radius

Burner blast tubes

Cylindrical

Tubes extending from each fuel injection nozzle

\({X}^{2}+{y}^{2}={R}_{blast}^{2}\)​, where \({R}_{blast}\)​ is the blast tube radius

Support gas tube

Cylindrical

Tube providing support gas for combustion

\({X}^{2}+{y}^{2}={R}_{support}^{2}\)​, where \({R}_{support}\)​ is the burner support tube radius

Flame stabilizing plate

Flat plane

Plate below the burner to stabilize the flame

\(z={z}_{plate}\)​, where \({z}_{plate}\)​ is the elevation of the plate

Circular gas tube

Cylindrical

Tube on top of the burner for additional gas flow

\({X}^{2}+{y}^{2}={R}_{circular}^{2}\)​, where \({R}_{circular}\)​ is the circular gas tube radius

Small NOx gas nozzles

Cylindrical

Nozzles for controlled NOx emissions

\({x}^{2}+{y}^{2}={R}_{nox}^{2}\)​, where \({R}_{nox}\)​ is the nozzle radius