Table 3 Cardiometabolic characteristics in parents with the low, medium, and high leg fat to body fat percentage tertile.

From: Low leg fat mass is associated with low insulin sensitivity, inflammatory markers, and β-cell dysfunction in non-obese Japanese people

 

Low

Medium

High

 

n = 67

n = 67

n = 68

 

OGTT

n = 48

n = 39

n = 34

*, #

Fasting insulin (μU/mL)

6.5 ± 3.9

5.8 ± 2.4

4.2 ± 2.1

b,c

2-h insulin (μU/mL)

47 ± 42

42 ± 26

25 ± 10

b

HbA1c (%)

5.5 ± 0.4

5.5 ± 0.5

5.4 ± 0.3

0.07

HOMA-IR

1.5 ± 1.0

1.3 ± 0.7

0.9 ± 0.5

b,c

IGI

1.0 ± 2.2

1.1 ± 1.6

1.1 ± 1.2

0.89

ODI

6.2 ± 14.2

8.9 ± 13.8

12.2 ± 12.9

0.14

Matsuda index

7.9 ± 5.6

8.2 ± 4.2

12.4 ± 4.8

b,c

AT-IR

4.0 ± 4.2

3.4 ± 1.8

2.5 ± 1.5

b

AST (IU/L)

25 ± 19

20 ± 5

20 ± 4

a,b

ALT (IU/L)

29 ± 27

20 ± 8

16 ± 6

a,b

GGT (IU/L)

49 ± 60

27 ± 25

17 ± 8

a,b

TG (mg/dL)

139 ± 144

94 ± 41

69 ± 29

a,b

HDL-C (mg/dL)

62 ± 15

72 ± 17

82 ± 16

a,b,c

ApoA1 (mg/dL)

162 ± 22

173 ± 25

181 ± 21

a,b

ApoB (mg/dL)

98 ± 20

99 ± 21

85 ± 17

b,c

CRP (μg/dL)

27 ± 65

19 ± 41

18 ± 68

0.62

WBC (× 103/IL)

6.0 ± 1.9

5.6 ± 1.6

5.0 ± 1.5

b

SBP (mmHg)

132 ± 19

127 ± 19

117 ± 11

b,c

DBP (mmHg)

82 ± 13

78 ± 13

71 ± 9

b,c

  1. Mean ± SD. *: p<0.05 or less by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison procedure. a: low vs. medium, b: low vs. high, c: medium vs. high. #: ANOVA p values. HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment, IGI insulinogenic index, ODI oral disposition index, AT-IR adipose tissue insulin resistance, AST and ALT aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, GGT gamma-glutamyl transferase, TG triglyceride, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, ApoA1 and ApoB apolipoprotein A1 and B, respectively, CRP C-reactive protein, WBC white blood cells, SBP and DBP systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively.
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