Table 4 Threshold effect analysis of ALT/HDL-C on the prevalence of NAFLD in different g genders, ages, and BMI using the two-piecewise linear regression model.

Prevalence of NAFLD	Adjusted OR (95% CI), P value
All participants
Fitting by the standard linear model	2.915 (2.290, 3.709), < 0.001
Fitting by the two-piecewise linear model Inflection point	1.054
ALT/HDL-C < 1.054	11.099 (7.734, 15.929), < 0.001
ALT/HDL-C > 1.054	0.821 (0.624, 1.080), 0.158
Log likelihood ratio	< 0.001
Men
Fitting by the standard linear model	2.345 (1.747, 3.148), < 0.001
Fitting by the two-piecewise linear model Inflection point	1.240
ALT/HDL-C < 1.240	5.951 (3.889, 9.107), < 0.001
ALT/HDL-C > 1.240	0.902 (0.677, 1.202), 0.483
Log likelihood ratio	< 0.001
Women
Fitting by the standard linear model	3.665 (2.369, 5.670), < 0.001
Fitting by the two-piecewise linear model Inflection point	0.528
ALT/HDL-C < 0.528	125.411 (49.341, 318.755), < 0.001
ALT/HDL-C > 0.528	0.837 (0.530, 1.323), 0.483
Log likelihood ratio	< 0.001
Age 40–59 years
Fitting by the standard linear model	3.950 (2.319, 6.727), < 0.001
Fitting by the two-piecewise linear model Inflection point	1.029
ALT/HDL-C < 1.029	11.743 (5.655, 24.384), < 0.001
ALT/HDL-C > 1.029	0.426 (0.164, 1.106), 0.079
Log likelihood ratio	< 0.001
BMI > 30 Kg/m²
Fitting by the standard linear model	1.912 (1.381, 2.646), < 0.001
Fitting by the two-piecewise linear model Inflection point	1.042
ALT/HDL-C < 1.042	9.400 (5.136, 17.202), < 0.001
ALT/HDL-C > 1.042	0.924 (0.440, 1.940), 0.150
Log likelihood ratio	< 0.001

Age, gender, race, hypertension, BMI, T2DM, smoke, physical activity level, WC, LSM, DBP, SBP, CRP, fast glucose, fast insulin, HbA1c, TBIL, ALP, GGT, AST, TG, and SUA were adjusted. In the subgroup analysis for gender, the model was not adjusted for gender; in the subgroup analysis for age, the model was not adjusted for age; and in the subgroup analysis for BMI, the model was not adjusted for BMI.

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