Table 2 Factors associated with death within postoperative 1 year (n = 1545). Data are presented as odds ratio (95% CI). *p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant after test. ORIF open reduction and internal fixation, PRASG pre-aged society group, POASG post-aged society group, HTN hypertension, DM diabetes mellitus, CRF chronic renal failure, CAD coronary artery disease, CVA cerebrovascular accident, GI gastrointestinal, UGI upper gastrointestinal.

From: Postoperative mortality following hip fracture surgery in older adults: a single-center retrospective study in the context of Taiwan’s transition to an aged society

Variables

Crude

Adjusted

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

Age

1.04 (1.01, 1.06)

0.002*

1.03 (1.00, 1.06)

0.054

Gender (Male vs. Female)

1.78 (1.17, 2.73)

0.007*

1.58 (0.98, 2.53)

0.059

BMI

0.94 (0.89, 0.99)

0.014*

0.95 (0.90, 0.99)

0.048*

Period (2018–2022 vs. 2010–2017)

1.18 (0.77, 1.80)

0.445

1.38 (0.86, 2.22)

0.178

Surgical methods

    

ORIF with CHS

1.74 (0.82, 3.69)

0.147

1.82 (0.81, 4.10)

0.150

ORIF with Nail

1.95 (1.17, 3.25)

0.010*

2.37 (1.37, 4.12)

0.002*

Hemiarthroplasty

Reference

 

Reference

 

Waiting period to Surgery (> 48 h vs. ≤ 48 h)

1.24 (0.76, 2.04)

0.388

1.10 (0.64, 1.90)

0.737

ASA(III-IV vs. I-II)

1.18 (0.76, 1.81)

0.462

0.94 (0.57, 1.54)

0.792

Spinal anesthesia(Yes vs. No)

0.90 (0.57, 1.41)

0.645

0.86 (0.53, 1.40)

0.546

Dementia vs. None

1.16 (0.65, 2.05)

0.612

1.02 (0.55, 1.91)

0.942

HTN vs. None

1.46 (0.90, 2.39)

0.128

1.10 (0.62, 1.95)

0.753

DM vs. None

1.13 (0.74, 1.73)

0.574

1.08 (0.66, 1.78)

0.751

Dyslipidemia vs. None

1.82 (1.19, 2.77)

0.006*

1.13 (0.67, 1.91)

0.641

Hepatic disease vs. None

1.94 (1.13, 3.33)

0.016*

1.8 8(1.03, 3.44)

0.041*

CRF vs. None

2.49 (1.61, 3.86)

< 0.001*

1.41 (0.83, 2.38)

0.199

CAD vs. None

2.11 (1.35, 3.28)

0.001*

1.61 (0.97, 2.69)

0.066

CVA vs. None

1.85 (1.19, 2.88)

0.006*

1.57 (0.96, 2.58)

0.075

GI disease vs. None

1.95 (1.28, 2.98)

0.002*

1.16 (0.71, 1.89)

0.549

Chronic lung disease vs. None

1.38 (0.88, 2.18)

0.164

0.95 (0.57, 1.59)

0.857

In hospital complication

Aspiration pneumonia (Yes vs. No)

8.74 (3.96, 19.27)

< 0.001*

4.87 (1.92, 12.34)

0.001*

Urinary tract infection (Yes vs. No)

1.71 (0.98, 3.01)

0.061

1.45 (0.78, 2.69)

0.237

UGI bleeding (Yes vs. No)

7.09 (3.88, 12.98)

< 0.001*

5.03 (2.54, 9.96)

< 0.001*

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