Table 7 Changing the source impedance PPS behavior (scenario 16).
From: Directional protection scheme using impedance approach for transmission lines
The conditions studied | Results | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Impedance Z1SA (Ω) | Impedance Z1SB (Ω) | Fault types | Fault position | Resistance (Ω) | Z matrix value | Direction result |
0.72 + J8.2 | 1.4 + J1.6 | AG | F | 20 | -1.9 | F |
0.72 + J8.2 | 1.1 + J1.3 | AG | R | 30 | 3.5 | R |
0.09 + J2.5 | 1.3 + J1.5 | BG | F | 15 | -1.6 | F |
0.09 + J2.5 | 1.4 + J.6 | BG | R | 5 | 2.5 | R |
0.59 + J6.7 | 1.1 + J1.3 | CG | F | 15 | -4.2 | F |
0.59 + J6.7 | 1.3 + J1.5 | CG | R | 20 | 3.6 | R |
0.72 + J8.2 | 1.4 + J1.6 | ABG | F | 35 | -3.8 | F |
0.72 + J8.2 | 1.1 + J1.3 | ABG | R | 15 | 3.9 | R |
0.09 + J2.5 | 1.3 + J1.5 | ACG | F | 5 | -2.6 | F |
0.09 + J2.5 | 1.4 + J1.6 | ACG | R | 10 | 5.9 | R |
0.59 + J6.7 | 1.1 + J1.3 | BCG | F | 15 | -1.8 | F |
0.59 + J6.7 | 1.3 + J1.5 | BCG | R | 30 | 4.4 | R |
0.72 + J8.2 | 1.4 + J1.6 | AB | F | 20 | -3.3 | F |
0.72 + J8.2 | 1.1 + J1.3 | AB | R | 5 | 3.1 | R |
0.09 + J2.5 | 1.3 + J1.5 | BC | F | 24 | -3.2 | F |
0.09 + J2.5 | 1.4 + J1.6 | BC | R | 38 | 2.8 | R |
0.59 + J6.7 | 1.1 + J1.3 | AC | F | 5 | -2.5 | F |
0.59 + J6.7 | 1.3 + J1.5 | AC | R | 15 | 5.6 | R |
0.09 + J2.5 | 1.4 + J1.6 | ABCG | F | 26 | -3.7 | F |
0.72 + J8.2 | 1.1 + J1.3 | ABCG | R | 1 | 3.3 | R |
0.59 + J6.7 | 1.3 + J1.5 | ABC | F | 18 | -2.9 | F |
0.09 + J2.5 | 1.4 + J1.6 | ABC | R | 10 | 4.7 | R |
